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Biotransformation and Epithelial Toxicity of Prenylated Phenolics from Licorice Roots (Glycyrrhiza spp.) in 3D Apical-Out Mucus-Producing Human Enteroids
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03120 Sarah van Dinteren 1, 2 , Carla Araya-Cloutier 2 , Shanna Bastiaan-Net 3 , Anouk Boudewijn 3 , Tjarda van Heek 4 , Jean-Paul Vincken 2 , Renger Witkamp 1 , Jocelijn Meijerink 1
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03120 Sarah van Dinteren 1, 2 , Carla Araya-Cloutier 2 , Shanna Bastiaan-Net 3 , Anouk Boudewijn 3 , Tjarda van Heek 4 , Jean-Paul Vincken 2 , Renger Witkamp 1 , Jocelijn Meijerink 1
Affiliation
Apical-out enteroids mimic the in vivo environment well due to their accessible apical surface and mucus layer, making them an ideal model for studying the impact of (bioactive) food compounds. Generated human ileal apical-out enteroids showed a fucose-containing mucus layer surrounding the apical brush border on their exposure side, indicating their physiological relevance. Effects on the mucosal epithelium of antibacterial prenylated phenolics (glabridin, licochalcone A, and glycycoumarin) from licorice roots were investigated for cytotoxicity, cell viability, barrier integrity, and biotransformation. At concentrations up to 500 μg mL–1, licochalcone A and glycycoumarin did not significantly affect apical-out enteroids, with cytotoxicities of −6 ± 2 and −2 ± 2% and cell viabilities of 77 ± 22 and 77 ± 13%, respectively (p > 0.05). Conversely, 500 μg mL–1 glabridin induced significant cytotoxicity (31 ± 25%, p < 0.05) and reduced cell viability (21 ± 14%, p < 0.01). Apical-out enteroids revealed differential sensitivities to prenylated phenolics not observed in apical-in enteroids and Caco-2 cells. Both enteroid models showed phase II biotransformation but differed in the extent of glucuronide conversion. The apical mucus layer of apical-out enteroids likely contributed to these differential interactions, potentially due to differences in electrostatic repulsion. This study underscores the relevance of 3D apical-out enteroid models and highlights the promise of prenylated phenolics for antimicrobial applications.
中文翻译:
甘草根(甘草属)异戊二烯化酚类在 3D 顶端排出粘液产生的人肠类中的生物转化和上皮毒性
由于其可接近的顶端表面和粘液层,顶端出的肠状体很好地模拟了体内环境,使它们成为研究(生物活性)食物化合物影响的理想模型。生成的人类回肠顶端出肠类在其暴露侧的顶端刷状缘周围显示出含有岩藻糖的粘液层,表明它们的生理相关性。研究了来自甘草根的抗菌异戊二烯化酚类(光甘草定、甘草查耳酮 A 和甘草香豆素)对粘膜上皮的细胞毒性、细胞活力、屏障完整性和生物转化的影响。在浓度高达 500 μg mL –1时,甘草查耳酮 A 和甘草香豆素不会显着影响顶端出肠样,细胞毒性分别为 -6 ± 2 和 -2 ± 2%,细胞活力分别为 77 ± 22 和 77 ± 13% ( p > 0.05)。相反,500 μg mL –1光甘草定会诱导显着的细胞毒性(31 ± 25%, p < 0.05)并降低细胞活力(21 ± 14%, p < 0.01)。顶端出肠体显示出对异戊二烯化酚类的不同敏感性,而在顶端入肠体和 Caco-2 细胞中未观察到。两种肠样模型均显示出 II 期生物转化,但葡萄糖醛酸苷转化程度不同。顶端出肠体的顶端粘液层可能促成了这些不同的相互作用,这可能是由于静电斥力的差异造成的。这项研究强调了 3D 顶端出肠模型的相关性,并强调了异戊二烯化酚类在抗菌应用中的前景。
更新日期:2024-09-06
中文翻译:
甘草根(甘草属)异戊二烯化酚类在 3D 顶端排出粘液产生的人肠类中的生物转化和上皮毒性
由于其可接近的顶端表面和粘液层,顶端出的肠状体很好地模拟了体内环境,使它们成为研究(生物活性)食物化合物影响的理想模型。生成的人类回肠顶端出肠类在其暴露侧的顶端刷状缘周围显示出含有岩藻糖的粘液层,表明它们的生理相关性。研究了来自甘草根的抗菌异戊二烯化酚类(光甘草定、甘草查耳酮 A 和甘草香豆素)对粘膜上皮的细胞毒性、细胞活力、屏障完整性和生物转化的影响。在浓度高达 500 μg mL –1时,甘草查耳酮 A 和甘草香豆素不会显着影响顶端出肠样,细胞毒性分别为 -6 ± 2 和 -2 ± 2%,细胞活力分别为 77 ± 22 和 77 ± 13% ( p > 0.05)。相反,500 μg mL –1光甘草定会诱导显着的细胞毒性(31 ± 25%, p < 0.05)并降低细胞活力(21 ± 14%, p < 0.01)。顶端出肠体显示出对异戊二烯化酚类的不同敏感性,而在顶端入肠体和 Caco-2 细胞中未观察到。两种肠样模型均显示出 II 期生物转化,但葡萄糖醛酸苷转化程度不同。顶端出肠体的顶端粘液层可能促成了这些不同的相互作用,这可能是由于静电斥力的差异造成的。这项研究强调了 3D 顶端出肠模型的相关性,并强调了异戊二烯化酚类在抗菌应用中的前景。