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β-ionone inhibits the grazing of Daphnia sinensis by reducing the activity of acetylcholinesterase
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135690 Xueying Xu 1 , Ximeng Ma 1 , Jun Dou 1 , Wenkai Chen 1 , Jiying Chen 1 , Mingsen Zhou 1 , Anfu Shen 1 , Xiangjiang Liu 1
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135690 Xueying Xu 1 , Ximeng Ma 1 , Jun Dou 1 , Wenkai Chen 1 , Jiying Chen 1 , Mingsen Zhou 1 , Anfu Shen 1 , Xiangjiang Liu 1
Affiliation
β-ionone is a volatile metabolite of Microcystis aeruginosa that is toxic to aquatic organisms. Using Daphnia sinensis as model, our present study found that β-ionone could significantly reduce heart rate and feeding rate, and induce intestinal emptying. Transcriptomic analysis showed that β-ionone could significantly inhibit the expression of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) mRNA, while metabolomics further revealed that β-ionone could significantly increase the level of acetylcholine (Ach) in D. sinensis . These results indicated that β-ionone might act as an AchE inhibitor, resulting in an increase in Ach levels. To test this hypothesis, both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that β-ionone could significantly reduce AchE activity. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of β-ionone on heart rate and feeding rate could be blocked by the M-type Ach receptor (mAchR) blocker. These findings confirm that β-ionone is a novel AchE inhibitor. β-ionone could inhibit the activity of AchE, which in turn resulted in an increase of Ach in D. sinensis . Consequently, elevated levels of Ach could suppress the heart rate and feeding rate of D. sinensis by activating the mAchR, while concurrently accelerating the rate of intestinal emptying by stimulating intestinal peristalsis, thereby obstructing the digestion of algae within the intestinal tract.
中文翻译:
β-紫罗兰酮通过降低乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性来抑制溞蚤的啃食
β-紫罗兰酮是铜绿微囊藻的挥发性代谢产物,对水生生物有毒。以水蚤为模型,我们目前的研究发现 β-紫罗兰酮可以显著降低心率和摄食率,并诱导肠道排空。转录组学分析显示,β-紫罗兰酮可显著抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AchE) mRNA 的表达,而代谢组学进一步揭示 β-紫罗兰酮可显著增加石栌乙酰胆碱 (Ach) 水平。这些结果表明 β-紫罗兰酮可能起 AchE 抑制剂的作用,导致 Ach 水平增加。为了验证这一假设,体内和体外实验都表明 β-紫罗兰酮可以显着降低 AchE 活性。此外,β-紫罗兰酮对心率和摄食速率的抑制作用可被 M 型 Ach 受体 (mAchR) 阻滞剂阻断。这些发现证实 β-ionone 是一种新型 AchE 抑制剂。β-紫罗兰酮可以抑制 AchE 的活性,进而导致 D. sinensis 中 Ach 的增加。因此,Ach 水平升高可以通过激活 mAchR 来抑制 D. sinensis 的心率和摄食速率,同时通过刺激肠道蠕动来加速肠道排空速度,从而阻碍肠道内藻类的消化。
更新日期:2024-09-05
中文翻译:
β-紫罗兰酮通过降低乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性来抑制溞蚤的啃食
β-紫罗兰酮是铜绿微囊藻的挥发性代谢产物,对水生生物有毒。以水蚤为模型,我们目前的研究发现 β-紫罗兰酮可以显著降低心率和摄食率,并诱导肠道排空。转录组学分析显示,β-紫罗兰酮可显著抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AchE) mRNA 的表达,而代谢组学进一步揭示 β-紫罗兰酮可显著增加石栌乙酰胆碱 (Ach) 水平。这些结果表明 β-紫罗兰酮可能起 AchE 抑制剂的作用,导致 Ach 水平增加。为了验证这一假设,体内和体外实验都表明 β-紫罗兰酮可以显着降低 AchE 活性。此外,β-紫罗兰酮对心率和摄食速率的抑制作用可被 M 型 Ach 受体 (mAchR) 阻滞剂阻断。这些发现证实 β-ionone 是一种新型 AchE 抑制剂。β-紫罗兰酮可以抑制 AchE 的活性,进而导致 D. sinensis 中 Ach 的增加。因此,Ach 水平升高可以通过激活 mAchR 来抑制 D. sinensis 的心率和摄食速率,同时通过刺激肠道蠕动来加速肠道排空速度,从而阻碍肠道内藻类的消化。