Pyroelectric (PE) detection technologies have attracted extensive attention due to the cooling-free, bias-free, and broadband properties. However, the PE signals are generated by the continuous energy conversion processes from light, heat, to electricity, normally leading to very slow response speeds. Herein, we design and fabricate a PE detector which shows extremely fast response in near-infrared (NIR) band by combining with the inhomogeneous plasmonic metasurface. The plasmonic effect dramatically accelerates the light-heat conversion process, unprecedentedly improving the NIR response speed by 2−4 orders of magnitude to 22 μs, faster than any reported infrared (IR) PE detector. We also innovatively introduce the concept of time resolution into the field of PE detection, which represents the detector’s ability to distinguish multiple fast-moving targets. Furthermore, the spatially inhomogeneous design overcomes the traditional narrowband constraint of plasmonic systems and thus ensures a wideband response from visible to NIR. This study provides a promising approach to develop next-generation IR PE detectors with ultrafast and broadband responses.

热释电（PE）检测技术由于具有免冷却、无偏置和宽带特性而受到广泛关注。然而，PE信号是由光、热到电的连续能量转换过程产生的，通常导致响应速度非常慢。在此，我们设计并制造了一种PE探测器，通过与非均匀等离子体超表面相结合，该探测器在近红外（NIR）波段表现出极快的响应。等离子体效应极大地加速了光热转换过程，前所未有地将近红外响应速度提高了 2−4 个数量级，达到 22 μs，比任何报道的红外 (IR) PE 探测器都要快。我们还创新地将时间分辨率的概念引入PE检测领域，它代表了探测器区分多个快速移动目标的能力。此外，空间不均匀的设计克服了等离子体系统的传统窄带限制，从而确保了从可见光到近红外的宽带响应。这项研究为开发具有超快和宽带响应的下一代红外PE探测器提供了一种有前途的方法。