This study examines metacognitive monitoring in Turkish preschoolers aged 48–66 months, crucial for their learning and development. A specialised paired‐association task was designed to assess higher‐order thinking skills in this age group. Data from 160 children (52.5% girls, 47.5% boys; mean age 57.6 months, standard deviation 4.8) were analysed. The Metacognitive Thinking Test includes Recall and Judgement sections, where children rate confidence after recall attempts. Factor analysis of the Judgement Part revealed a two‐factor structure with 14 items demonstrating memory‐confidence alignment. The overall test's Cronbach's alpha value is 0.820. Notably, children tended to overestimate inaccurate recollections, aligning with the Dunning–Kruger effect. Despite limitations, the study sheds light on the complex relationship between confidence and accuracy in young children's metacognitive monitoring development, laying the foundation for further research in this area.

中文翻译：

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土耳其学龄前儿童元认知评估工具的开发和验证：针对 48-66 个月大的测试


这项研究调查了 48-66 个月的土耳其学龄前儿童的元认知监测，这对于他们的学习和发展至关重要。一项专门的配对联想任务旨在评估该年龄段的高阶思维能力。分析了 160 名儿童（52.5% 女孩，47.5% 男孩；平均年龄 57.6 个月，标准差 4.8）的数据。元认知思维测试包括回忆和判断部分，孩子们在尝试回忆后对信心进行评分。判断部分的因素分析揭示了一个双因素结构，其中 14 个项目展示了记忆-置信度的一致性。总体检验的 Cronbach's alpha 值为 0.820。值得注意的是，孩子们往往会高估不准确的回忆，这与邓宁-克鲁格效应一致。尽管存在局限性，该研究揭示了幼儿元认知监测发展的信心和准确性之间的复杂关系，为该领域的进一步研究奠定了基础。