IntroductionCoastal marine ecosystems are among the most ecologically and socio-economically dynamic regions on Earth, and the study of eukaryotic planktonic communities is an important aspect of aquatic ecology. It is essential to monitor plankton biodiversity and identify influencing factors in order to measure human effects on coastal waters and help contribute to ecosystem preservation. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding analysis is an advanced toolfor detecting the presence of aquatic organisms, which has revolutionary significance for biodiversity monitoring and real-time detection of wild environments.MethodsIn this study, eDNA metabarcoding was used to study seasonal changes in eukaryotic plankton communities in subtropical coastal waters of the northern South China Sea, to explore how various trophic groups affect the complexity and stability of the species network.ResultsThe results showed that the summer interaction network is looser and had has reduce biodiversitycompared to the spring interaction network. As an important part of the planktonic community, the abundance and diversity of algae reflect the interactions between different species and the influence of environmental factors on the dominant species, particularly temperature and nutrients. In addition, producer diversity set the basis for species network complexity and indirectly affected network stability, while consumer diversity and its flexible predation strategies may directly lead to differences in network stability across seasons. There were close correlations among species interaction, environmental factors and species diversity.DiscussionThis study can help us understand the ecosystem functions throughout the year and the complex interactions of planktonic communities from a multiple trophic level perspective, and provide effective methods for sustainable resource utilization and ecological environmental protection in the future.

中文翻译：

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基于eDNA网络分析揭示亚热带沿岸海域浮游生物群落季节变化及其影响因素


简介沿海海洋生态系统是地球上生态和社会经济最具活力的区域之一，真核浮游群落的研究是水生生态学的一个重要方面。为了衡量人类对沿海水域的影响并帮助保护生态系统，监测浮游生物多样性并确定影响因素至关重要。环境DNA（eDNA）元条形码分析是检测水生生物存在的先进工具，对于生物多样性监测和野生环境实时检测具有革命性意义。方法本研究利用eDNA元条形码研究真核浮游生物群落的季节变化在南海北部亚热带近岸海域，探讨不同营养群对物种网络复杂性和稳定性的影响。结果结果表明，夏季相互作用网络较春季相互作用网络更为松散，生物多样性有所降低。作为浮游群落的重要组成部分，藻类的丰度和多样性反映了不同物种之间的相互作用以及环境因素，特别是温度和营养物质对优势物种的影响。此外，生产者多样性为物种网络复杂性奠定了基础，并间接影响网络稳定性，而消费者多样性及其灵活的捕食策略可能直接导致网络稳定性的跨季节差异。物种相互作用、环境因素和物种多样性之间存在密切的相关性。讨论本研究可以帮助我们从多营养级角度了解全年生态系统功能以及浮游群落复杂的相互作用，为未来资源可持续利用和生态环境保护提供有效方法。