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Race- and Ethnicity-Related Disparities in Predialysis Nephrology Care, Kidney Disease Education, and Home Dialysis Utilization.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 , DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000489
Ashutosh M Shukla 1, 2 , Grant Scheiffele 1 , Wenxi Huang 3 , Rebecca Campbell-Montalvo 4, 5 , Bian Jiang 3 , Yi Guo 3 , Serena Jingchuan Guo 3
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Pre-dialysis nephrology care and kidney replacement therapy (KRT)-directed education (KDE) are essential for incident home dialysis use. However, there are substantial disparities in these care parameters among patients with advanced CKD. The impact of these disparities on home dialysis underuse has not been examined. METHODS We analyzed the 2021 US Renal Database System to identify all adult kidney failure patients with over six months of pre-dialysis Medicare coverage initiating their first-ever dialysis between 2010 and 2019. We used a mediation analysis to dissect the attributable influence of disparities in pre-dialysis nephrology care and KDE on incident home dialysis use. Additionally, we conducted sensitivity analyses using graded levels of mediators and sustained impact on home dialysis outcomes. RESULTS We identified 464,310 Medicare recipients: 428,301 using incenter hemodialysis and 35,416 using home dialysis as their first-ever dialysis modality during the study period. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients (n=294,914), adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for receiving pre-dialysis nephrology care, KDE service, and incident home dialysis were 0.62(0.61, 0.64), 0.58(0.52, 0.63) and 0.76(0.73, 0.79) respectively among Hispanic individuals (n=49,734), and 0.74(0.73, 0.76), 0.84(0.79, 0.89), and 0.63(95%CI:0.61, 0.65) respectively among Black individuals (n=98,992). Mediation analyses showed that compared to non-Hispanic White individuals, lack of nephrology care explained 30% and 14% of incident home dialysis underuse among Hispanic and Black individuals, respectively (p<0.001). Sensitivity analyses using a longer duration of nephrology care and KDE services and the sustained impact on home dialysis underuse through the first-year post-kidney failure showed congruent and consolidating findings. CONCLUSIONS Disparities in pre-dialysis nephrology care were significantly associated with lower home dialysis among Hispanic and Black individuals.

中文翻译:


透析前肾病护理、肾病教育和家庭透析利用方面的种族和民族相关差异。



背景 透析前肾病护理和肾脏替代疗法 (KRT) 指导教育 (KDE) 对于事件家庭透析的使用至关重要。然而,晚期 CKD 患者的这些护理参数存在很大差异。尚未检查这些差异对家庭透析使用不足的影响。方法 我们分析了 2021 年美国肾脏数据库系统,以确定所有在 2010 年至 2019 年期间开始首次透析的透析前 Medicare 承保超过 6 个月的成年肾功能衰竭患者。我们使用中介分析来剖析透析前肾病学护理和 KDE 差异对事件家庭透析使用的归因影响。此外,我们使用分级水平的介质和对家庭透析结果的持续影响进行了敏感性分析。结果我们确定了 464,310 名 Medicare 接受者: 428,301 名使用中心血液透析,35,416 名使用家庭透析作为研究期间的首次透析方式。与非西班牙裔白人患者 (n=294,914) 相比,接受透析前肾病护理、KDE 服务和新事件家庭透析的校正比值比 (95% 置信区间) 西班牙裔个体 (n=49,734) 分别为 0.62 (0.61, 0.64) 、 0.58 (0.52, 0.63) 和 0.76 (0.73, 0.79) ,黑人个体 (n = 98,992) 分别为 0.74 (0.73, 0.76)、0.84 (0.79, 0.89) 和 0.63 (95% CI:0.61, 0.65)。中介分析显示,与非西班牙裔白人个体相比,缺乏肾脏病护理分别解释了西班牙裔和黑人个体中 30% 和 14% 的家庭透析使用不足 (p<0.001)。 使用较长时间的肾脏病学护理和 KDE 服务的敏感性分析以及肾衰竭后第一年对家庭透析使用不足的持续影响显示出一致和巩固的结果。结论 透析前肾病学护理的差异与西班牙裔和黑人个体较低的家庭透析率显著相关。
更新日期:2024-09-04
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