Microbial degradation plays a crucial role in removing sulfonamides from soil, enhancing sulfamethoxazole (SMX) remediation. To further augment SMX removal efficiency and mitigate the transmission risk associated with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), this study proposes a novel approach that integrates micro-animals, microorganisms, and microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. The results showed that earthworm-MFC synergy substantially reduces SMX content and ARGs abundance in soil. The introduction of earthworms enhances humus content, facilitating electron transfer within MFC and consequently improving current generation. Furthermore, electrical stimulation applied to earthworms led to increased protein secretion and enhanced antioxidant system activity, thereby accelerating SMX degradation. Earthworms also foster MFC-associated bacterial growth and SMX-degrading bacteria proliferation, augmenting MFC treatment efficacy. This synergistic effect significantly augmented the overall efficacy of MFC treatment for antibiotics. Overall, integrating earthworm activity with MFC technology effectively optimizes electricity generation and enhances pollutant removal.

中文翻译：

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蚯蚓的应用可增强生物发电，加速农业土壤中磺胺甲噁唑的去除


微生物降解在从土壤中去除磺胺类药物、增强磺胺甲噁唑 （SMX） 修复方面起着至关重要的作用。为了进一步提高 SMX 去除效率并降低与抗生素耐药基因 （ARG） 相关的传播风险，本研究提出了一种集成微生物、微生物和微生物燃料电池 （MFC） 技术的新方法。结果表明，蚯蚓-MFC 协同作用大大降低了土壤中 SMX 含量和 ARGs 的丰度。蚯蚓的引入提高了腐殖质的含量，促进了 MFC 内的电子转移，从而改善了电流的产生。此外，对蚯蚓施加电刺激导致蛋白质分泌增加并增强抗氧化系统活性，从而加速 SMX 降解。蚯蚓还促进 MFC 相关细菌的生长和 SMX 降解细菌的增殖，从而提高 MFC 的治疗效果。这种协同效应显着提高了 MFC 治疗抗生素的整体疗效。总体而言，将蚯蚓活动与 MFC 技术相结合可有效优化发电并增强污染物去除能力。