超越聚乙二醇：线性聚甘油作为生物医学和制药应用的多功能聚醚,Biomacromolecules

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超越聚乙二醇：线性聚甘油作为生物医学和制药应用的多功能聚醚
Biomacromolecules ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2014-05-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/bm5002608
Anja Thomas ₁ , Sophie S. Müller _{1,

2} , Holger Frey ₁

Affiliation

聚甘油（有时也称为“聚缩水甘油”）代表了一类高度生物相容性和多羟基官能的聚合物，可以被认为是聚乙二醇（PEG）的多功能类似物。基于所使用的单体，基于聚甘油支架的各种结构是可行的。缩水甘油的聚合产生高支化的聚甘油时，通过使用适当保护的缩水甘油作为单体，然后在后聚合步骤中除去保护基，可以得到精确定义的线性类似物。这篇综述总结了线性聚甘油的特性和合成方法（林PG），目前主要基于乙氧基乙基缩水甘油醚（EEGE）作为乙缩醛保护的缩水甘油衍生物的应用。特别强调多方面的功能化策略，包括例如在聚醚主链上合成末端官能的lin PGs或多官能的修饰。讨论了潜在的应用，如生物共轭和利用作为可降解生物材料的组成部分或用于诊断，其中聚甘油可作为有前途的PEG替代品。在最后一部分中，强调了线性聚甘油在嵌段共聚物或三元共聚物中作为大分子引发剂或高度亲水链段的重要作用。

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Beyond Poly(ethylene glycol): Linear Polyglycerol as a Multifunctional Polyether for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications

Polyglycerols (sometimes also called “polyglycidols”) represent a class of highly biocompatible and multihydroxy-functional polymers that may be considered as a multifunctional analogue of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Various architectures based on a polyglycerol scaffold are feasible depending on the monomer employed. While polymerization of glycidol leads to hyperbranched polyglycerols, the precisely defined linear analogue is obtained by using suitably protected glycidol as a monomer, followed by removal of the protective group in a postpolymerization step. This review summarizes the properties and synthetic approaches toward linear polyglycerols (linPG), which are at present mainly based on the application of ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE) as an acetal-protected glycidol derivative. Particular emphasis is placed on the manifold functionalization strategies including, e.g., the synthesis of end-functional linPGs or multiheterofunctional modifications at the polyether backbone. Potential applications like bioconjugation and utilization as a component in degradable biomaterials or for diagnostics, in which polyglycerol acts as a promising PEG substitute are discussed. In the last section, the important role of linear polyglycerol as a macroinitiator or as a highly hydrophilic segment in block co- or terpolymers is highlighted.

更新日期：2014-05-29

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