Elevating water table reduces net ecosystem carbon losses from global drained wetlands,Global Change Biology

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Elevating water table reduces net ecosystem carbon losses from global drained wetlands
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17495
Ning Liu _{1,

2,

3} , Quancheng Wang ₁ , Ronglei Zhou ₁ , Ruiyang Zhang ₁ , Dashuan Tian _{1,

2} , Paul P J Gaffney ₄ , Weinan Chen ₅ , Dezhao Gan ₆ , Zelong Zhang _{6,

7} , Shuli Niu _{1,

2,

3} , Lei Ma ₆ , Jinsong Wang _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Drained wetlands are thought to be carbon (C) source hotspots, and rewetting is advocated to restore C storage in drained wetlands for climate change mitigation. However, current assessments of wetland C balance mainly focus on vertical fluxes between the land and atmosphere, frequently neglecting lateral carbon fluxes and land‐use effects. Here, we conduct a global synthesis of 893 annual net ecosystem C balance (NECB) measures that include net ecosystem exchange of CO2, along with C input via manure fertilization, and C removal through biomass harvest or hydrological exports of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, across wetlands of different status and land uses. We find that elevating water table substantially reduces net ecosystem C losses, with the annual NECB decreasing from 2579 (95% interval: 1976 to 3214) kg C ha−1 year−1 in drained wetlands to −422 (−658 to −176) kg C ha−1 year−1 in natural wetlands, and to −934 (−1532 to −399) kg C ha−1 year−1 in rewetted wetlands globally. Climate, land‐use history, and time since water table changes introduce variabilities, with drainage for (sub)tropical agriculture or forestry uses showing high annual C losses, while the net C losses from drained wetlands can continue to affect soil C pools for several decades. Rewetting all types of drained wetlands is needed, particularly for those formerly agriculture‐used (sub)tropical wetlands where net ecosystem C losses can be largely reduced. Our findings suggest that elevating water table is an important initiative to reduce C losses in degraded wetlands, which could contribute to policy decisions for managing wetlands to enhance their C sequestration.

中文翻译：

地下水位升高减少了全球干湿地造成的净生态系统碳损失

排干的湿地被认为是碳 (C) 源热点，提倡通过再润湿来恢复排干的湿地中的碳储存，以缓解气候变化。然而，目前湿地碳平衡的评估主要集中在陆地和大气之间的垂直通量，经常忽略横向碳通量和土地利用效应。在这里，我们对 893 项年度净生态系统碳平衡 (NECB) 指标进行了全球综合，其中包括二氧化碳的净生态系统交换、通过粪肥施肥的碳输入，以及通过生物量收获或溶解的有机和无机碳的水文输出去除碳，跨越不同状况和土地用途的湿地。我们发现，地下水位升高大大减少了生态系统碳净损失，排水湿地的年度 NECB 从 2579（95% 区间：1976 至 3214）kg C ha−1year−1 下降至 −422（−658 至 −176） kg C ha−1year−1 在自然湿地中，在全球再湿地中达到−934（−1532至−399）kg C ha−1year−1。气候、土地利用历史和自地下水位变化以来的时间引入了变异性，（亚）热带农业或林业用途的排水显示出每年较高的碳损失，而排水湿地的净碳损失可能会继续影响几个时期的土壤碳库几十年。需要对所有类型的排水湿地进行再润湿，特别是对于那些以前用于农业的（亚）热带湿地，可以大大减少生态系统碳的净损失。我们的研究结果表明，提高地下水位是减少退化湿地碳损失的一项重要举措，这可能有助于管理湿地以加强其碳固存的政策决策。

更新日期：2024-09-05

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