Direct current driven persulfate delivery and activation for heterogeneous porous media remediation: Coupling effects of electric-thermal-chemical-flow fields,Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Direct current driven persulfate delivery and activation for heterogeneous porous media remediation: Coupling effects of electric-thermal-chemical-flow fields
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135743
Zhuning Geng ₁ , Di Zheng ₁ , Zhen Qi ₁ , Qianli Xie ₁ , Guanghe Li ₂ , Fang Zhang ₂

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Direct current (DC) has promising potential for persulfate delivery and activation in heterogeneous site remediation, yet requires deeper understanding. Here, we investigated the efficiency of DC for persulfate delivery and activation and compared with alternating current (AC). While AC electric field only influenced persulfate fate by Joule heating effect, DC electric field induced electrokinetic migration of persulfate and contaminants, as well as promoted persulfate activation with Joule heating and electrochemical reactions. DC system achieved 95 % MCB removal which was 3.1 times of that in AC system using the same voltage input (60 V) with a velocity of 0.5 m/d. When the applied DC voltage increased from 20 V to 60 V (0.5–1.5 V/cm), persulfate activation pathway changed from electrode reactions to the coupled activation pathways of electrode, chemical and heat reactions, thus resulting in increasing MCB removal efficiency from 57 % (20 V) to 95 % (40 V and 60 V). The energy consumption with 40 V (11.6 kWh/g) was 2.6 times of that using 20 V (4.4 kWh/g), and dramatically increased to 11.7 times with 60 V (50.2 kWh/g). This study provides a new perspective on improving the efficiency of persulfate delivery and activation in heterogeneous sites remediation using DC-driven system.

中文翻译：

直流驱动过硫酸盐输送和活化用于非均相多孔介质修复：电-热-化学-流场的耦合效应

直流电（DC）在非均质位点修复中具有过硫酸盐递送和激活的潜力，但需要更深入的了解。在这里，我们研究了直流电对过硫酸盐输送和活化的效率，并与交流电（AC）进行了比较。交流电场仅通过焦耳热效应影响过硫酸盐的命运，而直流电场诱导过硫酸盐和污染物的电动迁移，并通过焦耳热和电化学反应促进过硫酸盐活化。直流系统实现了 95% 的 MCB 去除率，是使用相同电压输入（60 V）和 0.5 m/d 的交流系统的 3.1 倍。当施加的直流电压从 20 V 增加到 60 V （0.5–1.5 V/cm）时，过硫酸盐活化途径从电极反应转变为电极、化学和热反应的耦合活化途径，从而将 MCB 去除效率从 57 % （20 V）提高到 95 % （40 V 和 60 V）。40 V （11.6 kWh/g）时的能耗是 20 V （4.4 kWh/g）时的 2.6 倍，60 V （50.2 kWh/g）的能耗急剧增加至 11.7 倍。本研究为使用 DC 驱动系统提高非均质场地修复中过硫酸盐输送和活化的效率提供了新的视角。

更新日期：2024-09-05

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