Mobility research and theory suggests that new parents often develop a car-dependent way of living that runs counter to prevailing climate policies. In this context, the current study investigates the influence of public transport accessibility on car ownership among first-time parents in the Oslo region. Specific attention is paid to how the effect of accessibility varies with different income levels. Linear probability and fixed-effects models are applied to parents and a control group of non-parents to explore these relationships. The results show that public transport accessibility reduces the likelihood of car ownership in the years after family formation, although with larger impacts for some income groups than for others. Households with a high income combine car ownership with high access, whereas others seem to sacrifice one for the other. These findings have several policy implications. First, urban regions with a combination of gentrification in the central city and increasing poverty in suburban areas face a potential conflict between environmental and social sustainability. Finding ways to increase central-city opportunities for low- and medium-income families is a difficult but important step towards greater overall sustainability. Second, the reduction of car ownership among high-income households appears to require supplementary measures. The article ends with a discussion of the findings in the context of broader urban policy development, particularly in relation to the prioritisation of collective consumption.

中文翻译：

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生孩子后拥有汽车：探索收入和公共交通可达性的影响


出行研究和理论表明，新手父母往往会养成依赖汽车的生活方式，这与现行的气候政策背道而驰。在此背景下，本研究调查了奥斯陆地区公共交通便利性对初为父母的汽车拥有量的影响。特别关注可达性的影响如何随着不同收入水平的变化而变化。将线性概率和固定效应模型应用于父母和非父母对照组来探索这些关系。结果表明，公共交通的便利性降低了家庭组建后几年拥有汽车的可能性，尽管对某些收入群体的影响比其他收入群体更大。高收入家庭将汽车拥有量与高使用率结合起来，而其他家庭似乎会牺牲其中一项。这些发现具有多种政策含义。首先，中心城市高档化和郊区贫困加剧的城市地区面临着环境和社会可持续性之间的潜在冲突。寻找方法增加中低收入家庭在中心城市的机会是迈向整体可持续性的艰难但重要的一步。其次，高收入家庭汽车保有量的减少似乎需要采取补充措施。文章最后在更广泛的城市政策制定背景下讨论了研究结果，特别是与集体消费的优先顺序相关的研究结果。