Impressions of others are formed from multiple cues, including facial features, vocal tone, and behavioral descriptions, and may be subject to multimodal updating. Four experiments ( N = 803) examined the influence of a target’s face or voice on impression updating. Experiments 1a-1b examined whether behavior-based impressions are susceptible to updating by incongruent information conveyed by the target’s face, voice, or behavior (within-participant manipulation). Both faces and voices updated impressions with comparable strength, but less than behaviors. Experiment 2, contrasting faces and voices only (between-participants manipulation), showed that voices outperformed faces regardless of how impressions were formed (i.e., via behavioral vs. nonbehavioral information). Experiment 3 found no difference when comparing faces and voices in a within-participant design and controlling for stimulus attractiveness. Our work highlights the importance of multimodal cues for impression updating and shows that the relative power of faces and voices depends on contextual factors.

中文翻译：

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改变你想法的多模态提示：印象更新中面孔、声音和行为的交织


对他人的印象是由多种线索形成的，包括面部特征、语气和行为描述，并且可能会受到多模式更新。四个实验（N = 803）检查了目标的面部或声音对印象更新的影响。实验 1a-1b 检查基于行为的印象是否容易受到目标面部、声音或行为（参与者内部操纵）传达的不一致信息的影响。面孔和声音更新印象的强度相当，但不如行为。实验 2 仅对比面部和声音（参与者之间的操作），结果表明，无论印象如何形成（即通过行为与非行为信息），声音都优于面部。实验 3 在比较参与者内部设计中的面孔和声音并控制刺激吸引力时没有发现差异。我们的工作强调了多模态线索对于印象更新的重要性，并表明面孔和声音的相对力量取决于上下文因素。