In Asia, rates of interpersonal violence are increasing, with significant regional disparities. However, long-term, continental-scale research considering regional differences across the Asia regions is limited. Guided by the ecological model, we examined five ecological risk factors (low life satisfaction/happiness, economic hardship, neighborhood disadvantage, patriarchal values, and religiosity) associated with perceptions of justification of interpersonal violence (i.e., intimate partner violence [IPV] against wife, child physical abuse, and violence against others) in five regions in Asia (i.e., East, West, Central, South, and Southeast). Using the World Values Survey ( n = 32,307), a multigroup multiple regression model was used with robust maximum likelihood estimation using Mplus ver. 8. In the entire Asia sample model, perceptions of justifiability of IPV against wife were positively associated with low life satisfaction/happiness; economic hardship; neighborhood disadvantage; and patriarchal values, while they were negatively associated with religiosity. Perceptions of justifiability of child abuse were positively associated with low life satisfaction/happiness; neighborhood disadvantage; and patriarchal values, while they were negatively associated with economic hardship and religiosity. Perceptions of justifiability of violence against others were positively associated with economic hardship and neighborhood disadvantage, while they were negatively associated with religiosity. Each region presented unique risk factor associations. Considering the high rates of interpersonal violence in Asia, understanding the risk factors associated with perceptions of justifying specific types of interpersonal violence can provide an initial insight into preventing violence in Asia. Further, as many Asians dwelling outside Asian regions are still influenced by their culture, religion, language, and norms of the region of origin, the study findings may shed light on future studies to consider in the interpersonal violence literature.

中文翻译：

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亚洲五个地区的人际暴力：与暴力合理性认知相关的生态风险因素


在亚洲，人际暴力发生率不断上升，且地区差异显着。然而，考虑亚洲地区区域差异的长期、大陆规模的研究是有限的。在生态模型的指导下，我们研究了与人际暴力（即亲密伴侣对妻子的暴力[IPV]）合理性认知相关的五个生态风险因素（低生活满意度/幸福感、经济困难、邻里劣势、父权价值观和宗教信仰） 、儿童身体虐待和针对他人的暴力）在亚洲五个地区（即东部、西部、中部、南部和东南部）。使用世界价值观调查 (n = 32,307)，使用多组多元回归模型以及使用 Mplus ver. 的稳健最大似然估计。 8. 在整个亚洲样本模型中，对针对妻子的 IPV 合理性的看法与低生活满意度/幸福感呈正相关；经济困难；邻里劣势；和父权价值观，而它们与宗教信仰呈负相关。对虐待儿童正当性的看法与低生活满意度/幸福感呈正相关；邻里劣势；和父权价值观，而它们与经济困难和宗教信仰呈负相关。对暴力侵害他人正当性的看法与经济困难和邻里劣势呈正相关，而与宗教信仰呈负相关。每个地区都呈现出独特的风险因素关联。 考虑到亚洲的人际暴力发生率很高，了解与为特定类型的人际暴力辩护的看法相关的风险因素可以为预防亚洲暴力提供初步见解。此外，由于居住在亚洲地区以外的许多亚洲人仍然受到原籍地区的文化、宗教、语言和规范的影响，因此研究结果可能会为未来在人际暴力文献中考虑的研究提供启示。