OBJECTIVES To better understand whether history of infertility is associated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels later in life, outside of reproduction. METHODS Among 1,758 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II with measured AMH, we used multivariable generalized linear models to compare log-transformed plasma AMH for women with a history of infertility compared with fertile women. We investigated AMH levels by cause of infertility and effect modification by menstrual cycle regularity. Lastly, we investigated AMH levels by history of primary and secondary infertility and age at reported infertility. RESULTS Mean age at blood collection was 40 years. We observed no association between overall history of infertility and AMH levels (% difference AMH: -8.1% [CI, -19.4 to 4.8]). The association between overall infertility and AMH was strongest among women who first reported infertility at >30 years (-17.7% [CI, -32.1 to -0.3]). CONCLUSIONS Overall, we observed no association between the history of infertility and AMH levels later in life. However, specific subgroups of women with a history of infertility may have lower AMH levels throughout life compared with fertile women. This association was observed among subgroups, such as those who first experienced infertility at >30 years. These findings have implications for mechanisms through which infertility may be associated with premature menopause and chronic disease risk.

中文翻译：

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护士健康研究 II 参与者的不孕史和抗苗勒管激素水平。


目的 更好地了解不孕史是否与晚年生殖以外的抗苗勒管激素 （AMH） 水平相关。方法 在护士健康研究 II 的 1,758 名绝经前妇女中测量了 AMH，我们使用多变量广义线性模型来比较有不孕史妇女与有生育能力的妇女的对数转化血浆 AMH。我们调查了按不孕原因划分的 AMH 水平，并通过月经周期规律调查了影响改变。最后，我们通过原发性和继发性不孕症的病史以及报告不孕症的年龄来调查 AMH 水平。结果 采血平均年龄为 40 岁。我们观察到不孕症的总体病史与 AMH 水平之间没有关联 （% 差异 AMH： -8.1% [CI，-19.4 至 4.8]）。在 >30 年首次报告不孕症的女性中，总体不孕症与 AMH 之间的相关性最强 （-17.7% [CI， -32.1 至 -0.3]）。结论 总体而言，我们观察到不孕史与以后生活中的 AMH 水平之间没有关联。然而，与有生育能力的女性相比，有不孕史的女性的特定亚组在整个生命周期中可能具有较低的 AMH 水平。在亚组中观察到这种关联，例如在 >30 年首次经历不孕症的人。这些发现对不孕症可能与过早绝经和慢性病风险相关的机制具有意义。