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Ultralight and rigid PBO nanofiber aerogel with superior electromagnetic wave absorption properties
Journal of Materials Science & Technology ( IF 11.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.08.018
Yanmeng Peng , Kaijie Gong , An Liu , Han Yan , Hua Guo , Jin Wang , Xiaoli Guo , Xiaonan Yang , Shuhua Qi , Hua Qiu

Polymer-based aerogels are emerging as promising candidates for lightweight and high performance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials. In this study, an ultralight and rigid poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) nanofiber (PNF) based composite aerogel with excellent EM wave absorption performance was fabricated with cobalt-nickel alloy (CoNi) nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as magnetic and conductive fillers, respectively. A CNT/PNF composite aerogel was first prepared through a sol-gel and freeze-drying method, and then CoNi nanoparticles were introduced therein through hydrothermal reaction and thermal annealing to obtain the CoNi/CNT/PNF aerogel. CNTs and PNFs were interwoven and constructed a three-dimensional conductive/magnetic cage-like skeleton structure decorating with magnetic CoNi nanoparticles. The cage-like skeleton structure allowed the dissipation of EM waves through multiple mechanisms encompassing conduction loss, magnetic loss, multiple reflection, scattering, and absorption. When its thickness was 4 mm, the CoNi/CNT/PNF aerogel showed a minimal reflection loss of −44.7 dB (at 6.88 GHz), and its broad effective absorption bandwidth covered the entire X-band and Ku-band and most of the C-band (12.32 GHz, from 5.68 GHz to 18 GHz). In addition, the rigid aerogel exhibited an ultralow density (0.107 g/cm3), excellent thermal insulation, and flame retardancy, demonstrating its potential application as a high-performance EM wave absorption material in the fields of aerospace and national defense.

中文翻译:


超轻和刚性 PBO 纳米纤维气凝胶,具有卓越的电磁波吸收性能



聚合物基气凝胶正在成为轻质和高性能电磁 (EM) 波吸收材料的有前途的候选者。本研究以钴镍合金 (CoNi) 纳米颗粒和碳纳米管 (CNT) 为磁性和导电填料,制备了一种具有优异电磁波吸收性能的超轻刚性聚对苯二苯并并噁唑纳米纤维 (PNF) 基复合气凝胶。首先通过溶胶-凝胶和冷冻干燥法制备了CNT/PNF复合气凝胶,然后通过水热反应和热退火将CoNi纳米颗粒引入其中,得到CoNi/CNT/PNF气凝胶。CNTs 和 PNFs 交织在一起,构建了一个用磁性 CoNi 纳米颗粒装饰的三维导电/磁笼状骨架结构。笼状骨架结构允许电磁波通过多种机制消散,包括传导损耗、磁损耗、多重反射、散射和吸收。当其厚度为 4 mm 时,CoNi/CNT/PNF 气凝胶显示出 -44.7 dB 的最小反射损失(在 6.88 GHz 处),其宽有效吸收带宽覆盖了整个 X 波段和 Ku 波段以及大部分 C 波段(12.32 GHz,从 5.68 GHz 到 18 GHz)。此外,刚性气凝胶表现出超低密度 (0.107 g/cm3)、优异的隔热性和阻燃性,展示了其作为高性能电磁波吸收材料在航空航天和国防领域的潜在应用。
更新日期:2024-09-03
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