In this paper, we propose a graphene-based radar cross section (RCS) tunable antenna that utilizes metal mesh and graphene, both of which are optically transparent. The graphene sandwich structure is introduced to replace traditional components like diodes, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and varactors, acting as an electromagnetic wave controller and significantly simplifying the device's complexity. By applying different voltages, the electrical properties of graphene are altered, enabling the regulation of reflection, transmission, and absorption of electromagnetic waves. This not only modifies the antenna's pattern but also achieves a substantial reduction in out-of-band RCS. The radiation and scattering mechanism of the antenna is carefully elaborated. The numerical and experimental results match well, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed method. The optical transmittance of the device is 27.9% at 550 nm, and the out-of-band RCS reduction is 10.01 dB at 3.83 GHz. The transparent, RCS tunable antenna proposed has significant potential applications in optical and microwave stealth technology.

中文翻译：

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一种基于 S 波段石墨烯和超表面的具有 RCS 可调性的透明天线


在本文中，我们提出了一种基于石墨烯的雷达散射截面 （RCS） 可调谐天线，它利用金属网和石墨烯，这两种天线都是光学透明的。石墨烯夹层结构的引入是为了取代二极管、微机电系统 （MEMS） 和变容二极管等传统元件，充当电磁波控制器并显着简化器件的复杂性。通过施加不同的电压，石墨烯的电特性会发生变化，从而能够调节电磁波的反射、传输和吸收。这不仅修改了天线的模式，还大幅减少了带外 RCS。天线的辐射和散射机制经过精心阐述。数值与实验结果吻合较好，验证了所提方法的有效性。该器件的光透射率在 550 nm 处为 27.9%，带外 RCS 在 3.83 GHz 处降低 10.01 dB。所提出的透明 RCS 可调谐天线在光学和微波隐身技术中具有重要的潜在应用。