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Novel Perspective on Molecular and Cellular Adaptations of the Mammary Gland-Regulating Milk Constituents and Immunity of Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03879 Franziska Koch 1 , Dirk Albrecht 2 , Elke Albrecht 1 , Christiane Hansen 3 , Björn Kuhla 1
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03879 Franziska Koch 1 , Dirk Albrecht 2 , Elke Albrecht 1 , Christiane Hansen 3 , Björn Kuhla 1
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Climate change with increasing ambient temperatures negatively influences the biology of dairy cows and their milk production in the mammary gland (MG). This study aimed to elucidate the MG proteome, differences in milk composition, and ruminal short-chain fatty acid concentrations of dairy cows experiencing 7 days of heat stress [HS, 28 °C, temperature humidity index (THI) = 76], pair-feeding (PF), or ad libitum feeding (CON) at thermoneutrality (16 °C, THI = 60). Ruminal acetate, acetate/propionate ratio, and milk urea concentrations were greater, whereas milk protein and lactose were lower in HS than in control cows. Proteome analysis revealed an induced bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, leukocyte transendothelial migration, reduction of the pyruvate and carbon metabolism, and platelet activation in the MG of HS compared to CON or PF cows. These results highlight adaptive metabolic and immune responses to mitigate the negative effects of ambient heat in the MG.
中文翻译：
关于乳腺调节乳成分的分子和细胞适应性以及热应激奶牛免疫的新视角
环境温度升高带来的气候变化对奶牛的生物学及其乳腺 (MG) 的产奶量产生负面影响。本研究旨在阐明经历 7 天热应激 [HS，28 °C，温度湿度指数 (THI) = 76] 的奶牛的 MG 蛋白质组、牛奶成分差异和瘤胃短链脂肪酸浓度，配对喂养（PF），或在热中性（16°C，THI = 60）下随意喂养（CON）。与对照奶牛相比，HS 奶牛的瘤胃乙酸盐、乙酸盐/丙酸盐比率和乳尿素浓度较高，而乳蛋白和乳糖较低。蛋白质组分析显示，与 CON 或 PF 牛相比，HS MG 牛诱导细菌入侵上皮细胞、白细胞跨内皮迁移、丙酮酸和碳代谢减少以及血小板活化。这些结果强调了适应性代谢和免疫反应可以减轻环境热量对 MG 的负面影响。
更新日期：2024-09-03
中文翻译：
关于乳腺调节乳成分的分子和细胞适应性以及热应激奶牛免疫的新视角
环境温度升高带来的气候变化对奶牛的生物学及其乳腺 (MG) 的产奶量产生负面影响。本研究旨在阐明经历 7 天热应激 [HS，28 °C，温度湿度指数 (THI) = 76] 的奶牛的 MG 蛋白质组、牛奶成分差异和瘤胃短链脂肪酸浓度，配对喂养（PF），或在热中性（16°C，THI = 60）下随意喂养（CON）。与对照奶牛相比，HS 奶牛的瘤胃乙酸盐、乙酸盐/丙酸盐比率和乳尿素浓度较高，而乳蛋白和乳糖较低。蛋白质组分析显示，与 CON 或 PF 牛相比，HS MG 牛诱导细菌入侵上皮细胞、白细胞跨内皮迁移、丙酮酸和碳代谢减少以及血小板活化。这些结果强调了适应性代谢和免疫反应可以减轻环境热量对 MG 的负面影响。
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