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Seasonal Variability of Lipophilic Compounds in Oat (Avena sativa L.) Straw: A Comprehensive Chemical Study
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05002 Gisela Marques 1 , Ana Gutiérrez 1 , Francisco Barro 2 , José C Del Río 1 , Jorge Rencoret 1
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05002 Gisela Marques 1 , Ana Gutiérrez 1 , Francisco Barro 2 , José C Del Río 1 , Jorge Rencoret 1
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Oat straw, a residue of Avena sativa L., is recognized for its abundance in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. However, its potential as a source of lipophilic compounds within the framework of a biorefinery concept still remains unexplored. In this study, we conducted an extensive investigation into the content and chemical composition of the lipophilic compounds present in acetone extracts from oat straws of two distinct oat varieties, namely, Karen and Isaura. Furthermore, we examined their seasonal variability in content and composition in straw samples from oats planted in both spring and winter seasons. The extracted lipophilic compounds were predominantly composed of high molecular weight esters (26.0–38.1%), steroids (16.6–24.0%), n-fatty alcohols (10.9–20.7%), n-fatty acids (10.9–16.0%), and n-aldehydes (10.7–15.8%), with lower amounts of n-alkanes (1.1–3.0%), acylglycerides (2.3–3.8%), phytol and phytyl esters (0.6–2.9%), β-diketones (0.1–2.5%), triterpenoids (0.9–1.2%), tocopherols and tocopheryl esters (0.2–0.7%), 2-hydroxy fatty acids (0.1–0.2%), and n-alkylresorcinols (0.1%). Notably, these different classes of compounds exhibited variations in their contents depending on the oat variety and the specific planting season. Of particular interest was the Karen variety, which presented significant amounts of high molecular weight esters, free fatty acids, and acylglycerols, especially when it was cultivated during the winter season. These findings underline the potential of oat straw as a valuable resource for lipid extraction within a biorefinery context and emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate variety and season for optimal lipid yield.
中文翻译：
燕麦（Avena sativa L.）秸秆中亲脂性化合物的季节变化：综合化学研究
燕麦秸秆是燕麦的残留物，因其富含纤维素、半纤维素和木质素而闻名。然而，其在生物精炼概念框架内作为亲脂性化合物来源的潜力仍有待探索。在这项研究中，我们对两个不同燕麦品种（即 Karen 和 Isaura）的燕麦秆丙酮提取物中存在的亲脂性化合物的含量和化学成分进行了广泛的研究。此外，我们还研究了春季和冬季种植的燕麦秸秆样品中含量和成分的季节性变化。提取的亲脂性化合物主要由高分子量酯（26.0-38.1%）、类固醇（16.6-24.0%）、正脂肪醇（10.9-20.7%）、正脂肪酸（10.9-16.0%）和正醛 (10.7–15.8%)、少量正烷烃(1.1–3.0%)、酰基甘油酯 (2.3–3.8%)、植醇和植酯 (0.6–2.9%)、β-二酮 (0.1–2.5) %）、三萜类化合物（0.9–1.2%）、生育酚和生育酯（0.2–0.7%）、2-羟基脂肪酸（0.1–0.2%）和正烷基间苯二酚（0.1%）。值得注意的是，这些不同类别的化合物的含量因燕麦品种和特定种植季节而异。特别令人感兴趣的是卡伦品种，它含有大量的高分子量酯、游离脂肪酸和酰基甘油，特别是在冬季种植时。这些发现强调了燕麦秸秆作为生物精炼厂中脂质提取的宝贵资源的潜力，并强调了选择适当品种和季节以获得最佳脂质产量的重要性。
更新日期：2024-09-03
中文翻译：
燕麦（Avena sativa L.）秸秆中亲脂性化合物的季节变化：综合化学研究
燕麦秸秆是燕麦的残留物，因其富含纤维素、半纤维素和木质素而闻名。然而，其在生物精炼概念框架内作为亲脂性化合物来源的潜力仍有待探索。在这项研究中，我们对两个不同燕麦品种（即 Karen 和 Isaura）的燕麦秆丙酮提取物中存在的亲脂性化合物的含量和化学成分进行了广泛的研究。此外，我们还研究了春季和冬季种植的燕麦秸秆样品中含量和成分的季节性变化。提取的亲脂性化合物主要由高分子量酯（26.0-38.1%）、类固醇（16.6-24.0%）、正脂肪醇（10.9-20.7%）、正脂肪酸（10.9-16.0%）和正醛 (10.7–15.8%)、少量正烷烃(1.1–3.0%)、酰基甘油酯 (2.3–3.8%)、植醇和植酯 (0.6–2.9%)、β-二酮 (0.1–2.5) %）、三萜类化合物（0.9–1.2%）、生育酚和生育酯（0.2–0.7%）、2-羟基脂肪酸（0.1–0.2%）和正烷基间苯二酚（0.1%）。值得注意的是，这些不同类别的化合物的含量因燕麦品种和特定种植季节而异。特别令人感兴趣的是卡伦品种，它含有大量的高分子量酯、游离脂肪酸和酰基甘油，特别是在冬季种植时。这些发现强调了燕麦秸秆作为生物精炼厂中脂质提取的宝贵资源的潜力，并强调了选择适当品种和季节以获得最佳脂质产量的重要性。
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