The development of intelligent electronic power systems necessitates advanced flexible pressure sensors. Despite improved compressibility through surface micro-structures or bulk pores, conventional capacitive pressure sensors face limitations due to their low dielectric constant and poor temperature tolerance of most elastomers. Herein, we constructed oriented polyimide-based aerogels with mechanical robustness and notable changes in dielectric constant under compression. The enhancement is attributed to the doping of surface-modified dielectric nanoparticles and graphene oxide sheets, which interact with polymer molecular chains. The resulting aerogels, with their excellent temperature resistance, were used to assemble high-performance capacitive pressure sensors. The sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 1.41 kPa−1 over a wide working range of 0–200 kPa. Meanwhile, the sensor can operate in environments up to 150 °C during 2000 compression/release cycles. Furthermore, the aerogel-based sensor demonstrates proximity sensing capabilities, showing great potential for applications in non-contact sensing and extreme environment detection.

中文翻译：

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基于聚酰亚胺气凝胶的电容式压力传感器，具有更高的灵敏度和耐温性


智能电子电力系统的发展需要先进的柔性压力传感器。尽管通过表面微结构或体孔提高了可压缩性，但由于大多数弹性体的介电常数低和耐温性差，传统的电容式压力传感器面临限制。在此，我们构建了具有机械稳健性和压缩下介电常数显着变化的定向聚酰亚胺基气凝胶。这种增强归因于表面改性介电纳米颗粒和氧化石墨烯片的掺杂，它们与聚合物分子链相互作用。所得气凝胶具有优异的耐温性，用于组装高性能电容式压力传感器。该传感器在 0–200 kPa 的宽工作范围内表现出 1.41 kPa−1 的最大灵敏度。同时，该传感器可以在 150 °C 以下的环境中工作 2000 次压缩/释放循环。此外，基于气凝胶的传感器展示了接近传感能力，在非接触式传感和极端环境检测方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。