Regulating Water Activity and Solvation Structure via Zwitterion-Enhanced Polymer Electrolyte for Long-Life Zn-Ion Hybrid Capacitors with Low-Temperature Applicability,Advanced Energy Materials

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Regulating Water Activity and Solvation Structure via Zwitterion-Enhanced Polymer Electrolyte for Long-Life Zn-Ion Hybrid Capacitors with Low-Temperature Applicability
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202402843
Chunjiang Jin ₁ , Congcong Yang ₁ , Liheng Xie ₁ , Hongyu Mi ₁ , Hong Yin ₂ , Bo Xu ₁ , Fengjiao Guo ₁ , Jieshan Qiu ₃

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The development of aqueous Zn-based energy storage systems is plagued by poor cyclability and limited operating temperatures caused by Zn anode issues and highly active water. Herein, a frost-tolerant hydrogel electrolyte (PABCHE) promoted by hydroxyl-rich β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and zwitterionic betaine (BA) additives is fabricated in situ to protect Zn anodes and enhance low-temperature adaptability. Both additives synergistically disrupt the hydrogen-bonding network between water molecules to remarkably reduce the freezing point of PABCHE and alleviate water-associated side effects. Zwitterionic BA constructs ion-migration channels and regulate Zn²⁺ solvation structure, promoting uniform and rapid transport of Zn²⁺. Additionally, PABCHE renders the Zn²⁺ homoepitaxially depositing along the (002) plane to achieve dendrite-free Zn anodes. As a result, versatile PABCHE enables Zn//Zn cells to cycle stably for 1100 and 3600 h at 20 and −20 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the Zn-ion hybrid capacitors optimized by PABCHE deliver favorable cyclability over 30000 cycles at 20 °C (with a capacity retention of 81.8%) and −20 °C (with a capacity retention of 84.2%). Additionally, PABCHE can be applied as a flexible strain sensor for real-time monitoring of physiological activities. This work offers valuable insights for developing antifreeze hydrogel electrolytes toward applications of dendrite-free low-temperature Zn-based devices and strain sensors.

中文翻译：

通过两性离子增强聚合物电解质调节水活度和溶剂化结构，实现具有低温适用性的长寿命锌离子混合电容器

水基锌基储能系统的开发受到锌阳极问题和高活性水导致的循环性差和工作温度有限的困扰。在此，原位制备了由富含羟基的β-环糊精（β-CD）和两性离子甜菜碱（BA）添加剂促进的耐霜水凝胶电解质（PABCHE），以保护锌阳极并增强低温适应性。两种添加剂协同破坏水分子之间的氢键网络，显着降低 PABCHE 的凝固点并减轻与水相关的副作用。两性离子BA构建离子迁移通道并调节Zn ²⁺溶剂化结构，促进Zn ²⁺的均匀快速传输。此外，PABCHE 使 Zn ²⁺沿 (002) 面同质外延沉积，以获得无枝晶的 Zn 阳极。因此，多功能 PABCHE 使 Zn//Zn 电池能够在 20 °C 和 -20 °C 下分别稳定循环 1100 小时和 3600 小时。此外，PABCHE优化的锌离子混合电容器在20°C（容量保持率为81.8%）和-20°C（容量保持率为84.2%）下具有超过30000次循环的良好循环性能。此外，PABCHE还可用作灵活的应变传感器，用于实时监测生理活动。这项工作为开发防冻水凝胶电解质以应用于无枝晶低温锌基器件和应变传感器提供了宝贵的见解。

更新日期：2024-09-02

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