Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) exhibits promise for wastewater treatment,but the enrichment of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) in municipal wastewater treatment plants is a significant challenge. This study constructed a novel Anoxic-Anaerobic-Oxic (AAnO) process with a pure biofilm anoxic zone fed with actual fluctuating municipal wastewater and operated for six months to enrich AnAOB at ambient temperature. High-throughput sequencing (HTS), qPCR, and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that AnAOB were successfully enriched in the anoxic biofilms, reaching 1.56 % relative abundance on day 75 detected by HTS. During the period from day 130 to day 186, the anammox process contributed to 55.8 ± 19.2 % of the nitrogen removal in the anoxic zone. Phylogenetic analysis revealed this AnAOB species was closely related to Candidatus Brocadia fulgida. This study provides technical support for the application of anammox in mainstream wastewater.

中文翻译：

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新型缺氧-厌氧-好氧工艺成功富集实际城市废水中的厌氧氨氧化细菌


厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）在废水处理方面展现出前景，但城市污水处理厂中厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）的富集是一个重大挑战。本研究构建了一种新型缺氧-厌氧-好氧 (AAnO) 工艺，该工艺具有纯生物膜缺氧区，注入实际波动的城市废水，并运行六个月以在环境温度下富集 AnAOB。高通量测序（HTS）、qPCR和荧​​光原位杂交表明AnAOB在缺氧生物膜中成功富集，HTS检测到第75天相对丰度达到1.56%。在第 130 天到第 186 天期间，厌氧氨氧化过程贡献了缺氧区脱氮量的 55.8 ± 19.2%。系统发育分析表明该 AnAOB 物种与 Candidatus Brocadia fulgida 密切相关。本研究为厌氧氨氧化技术在主流废水中的应用提供技术支撑。