Current cultivation practices for field transplanted potato crops grown from nursery-raised hybrid potato seedlings are mostly borrowed from the tuber-based conventional system. Most studies on field performance of field transplanted seedling crops have largely reported the use of ridged rows and in exceptional cases, the use of beds. It is therefore critical to assess the feasibility of the use of alternative ridge or bed systems for cultivation of field-transplanted nursery-raised potato seedlings considering the differences in physiological behaviour of crops grown from different starting materials. This study assessed the effects of six systems which included bed and ridge systems of different dimensions and planting configurations for field transplanted seedling crops. Field crop establishment, canopy growth and development as well as yield and yield components were assessed. In general, systems that boasted high plant densities resulted in faster canopy development and higher number of tubers and tuber yield. Bed systems (raised and flat beds; 8.0 plants m−2) therefore gave the highest numbers of tubers and tuber yield across all treatments. These systems also produced the most tubers in all tuber size classes resulting in the highest yields in all classes. Standard ridge systems (full- and half ridges; 0.75 m row distance), had the lowest plant populations (5.3 plants m−2) which resulted almost always in fewer tubers and lower yield. Other ridge systems (0.9-m and 0.5-m ridge systems), although having higher plant densities than the standard ridge systems (8.9 and 8.0 plants m−2, respectively) still performed poorer than the bed systems. The small and compact ridges in the 0.5-m ridge system and the compact arrangement of plants in the 0.9-m ridge system caused these effects. Conclusively, based on this study, productivity in field transplanting systems is highly influenced by plant density. Further, cultivation systems boasting higher planting densities should be recommended when the goal for production is to produce large quantities of seed tubers (> 35; ≤ 50 mm).

中文翻译：

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苗床、垄和种植配置影响田间移栽杂交马铃薯作物的作物性能


目前从苗圃培育的杂交马铃薯幼苗中种植的田间移栽马铃薯作物的栽培做法大多借鉴了基于块茎的常规系统。大多数关于田间移栽苗木作物田间性能的研究主要报告了脊行的使用，在特殊情况下，还报告了床的使用。因此，考虑到用不同起始材料种植的作物的生理行为差异，评估使用替代垄或床系统种植田间移植苗圃饲养的马铃薯幼苗的可行性至关重要。本研究评估了六个系统的效果，其中包括不同维度的床和垄系统以及田间移栽幼苗作物的种植配置。评估了大田作物的建立、树冠的生长和发育以及产量和产量成分。一般来说，拥有高植物密度的系统导致更快的树冠发育和更高的块茎数量和块茎产量。因此，苗床系统（高架和平床;8.0 株 m-2）在所有处理中提供了最高的块茎数量和块茎产量。这些系统还生产了所有块茎大小类别中最多的块茎，从而在所有类别中获得了最高的产量。标准垄系统（全垄和半垄;0.75 m 行距）具有最低的植物种群（5.3 株 m-2），这几乎总是导致块茎较少和产量较低。其他垄系统（0.9 m 和 0.5 m 垄系统）虽然具有比标准垄系统更高的植物密度（分别为 8.9 和 8.0 株 m-2），但仍然比床系统表现不佳。0.5 m 山脊系统中的小而紧凑的山脊和 0.9 m 山脊系统引起了这些影响。总之，根据这项研究，田间移栽系统的生产力受植物密度的高度影响。此外，当生产目标是生产大量的种薯（x3E 35;≤50毫米）时，应推荐具有较高种植密度的栽培系统。