We studied mental representations of social categories in the context of political groups nested within national identities. Extending previous works derived from the Ingroup Projection Model, which had investigated category representations based on prototypical , we examined category representations based on prototypical , focusing on group leaders. We hypothesized that the mental representation of the superordinate, national, category is more strongly associated with the mental representation of ingroup political leaders than outgroup political leaders. We tested our hypothesis in three preregistered experiments, looking at two different national-political contexts and using diverse methods. In Studies 1 ( = 145) and 2 ( = 103), both conducted in Israel, we found that participants explicitly associated the national category with leaders of their own political camp more than with leaders of the rival political camp. In Study 2, we further found that participants were more likely to falsely remember that ingroup relative to outgroup political leaders were paired with the national category (versus their political wing). In Study 3 ( = 381), conducted in the USA, we found using an implicit measure of association (ST-IAT) that Democrats and Republicans sorted stimuli, representing political leaders, faster when the national category (represented by American symbols) was paired with the ingroup rather than the outgroup category. Implications for theoretical accounts of ingroup projection, as well as for the understanding of political polarization and intergroup leadership, are discussed.

中文翻译：

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基于范例的内群体预测：上级国家类别与内群体的联系比与外群体政治领导人的联系更紧密


我们研究了在国家身份中嵌套的政治群体背景下社会类别的心理表征。扩展先前源自内群体投影模型的工作，该模型研究了基于原型的类别表示，我们研究了基于原型的类别表示，重点关注群体领导者。我们假设，上级国家类别的心理表征与内群体政治领导人的心理表征的相关性比外群体政治领导人的心理表征更为密切。我们在三个预先注册的实验中检验了我们的假设，研究了两种不同的国家政治背景并使用了不同的方法。在以色列进行的研究 1 ( = 145) 和 2 ( = 103) 中，我们发现参与者将民族类别与自己政治阵营的领导人明确联系起来，而不是与对手政治阵营的领导人联系起来。在研究 2 中，我们进一步发现，参与者更有可能错误地记住，相对于外群体的政治领导人，内群体与国家类别（相对于他们的政治派系）是配对的。在美国进行的研究 3 (= 381) 中，我们发现使用隐式关联测量 (ST-IAT)，当国家类别（由美国符号代表）配对时，民主党人和共和党人对代表政治领导人的刺激进行排序的速度更快属于内群体类别而不是外群体类别。讨论了对内群体投射的理论解释以及对政治极化和群体间领导力的理解的影响。