Microbial communities in many ecosystems are suffering a wide range of environmental stressors induced by anthropogenic perturbations. While the impacts of a single stressor have been extensively estimated in numerous studies, the responses of microbial communities to multiple environmental stressors simultaneously are still poorly understood. In the current study, we investigated the taxonomic diversity, community resistance, and co-occurrence interaction of soil bacterial communities treated with different numbers of environmental stressors by conducting 136 microcosms. We found that the richness and Shannon diversity of the soil community decreased significantly from 1430 to 6.54 in the mono-factor treatments to 920 and 5.77 in the hepta-factor treatments. The counts of nodes and edges of the soil microbial networks decreased with the increasing stressor number, potentially indicating that multiple stressors can reduce the network size. Multiple stressors increased the community resistance potential to environmental disturbance. Additionally, the network cohesion suggested that the cooperative and competitive behaviors between microorganisms were induced by multiple stressors. The observation could be potentially due to the enrichment of the generalists by multiple environmental stressors. Although only a handful of stressors were included, our study still indicated that multiple environmental stressors would lead to diversity loss via deterministic processes.

中文翻译：

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多种人为环境压力因素构成土壤细菌多样性和群落网络


许多生态系统中的微生物群落正遭受着人为扰动引起的各种环境压力。虽然在众多研究中已经广泛估计了单一压力源的影响，但微生物群落同时对多个环境压力源的反应仍然知之甚少。在当前的研究中，我们通过对136个微观世界进行研究，研究了经不同数量环境应激源处理的土壤细菌群落的分类多样性、群落抗性和共现相互作用。我们发现土壤群落的丰富度和香农多样性显着下降，从单因素处理的1430至6.54下降到七因素处理的920和5.77。土壤微生物网络的节点和边缘数量随着应激源数量的增加而减少，这可能表明多个应激源可以减小网络规模。多种压力源增加了社区对环境干扰的抵抗潜力。此外，网络凝聚力表明微生物之间的合作和竞争行为是由多种压力源引起的。这一观察结果可能是由于多种环境压力因素使通才变得更加丰富。尽管只包括少数压力源，但我们的研究仍然表明，多种环境压力源将通过确定性过程导致多样性丧失。