Nonlinear supramolecular polymers (NLSPs) exhibit the merits of reversibility and tunability, along with a unique topological structure. These features contribute to the creation of novel supramolecular polymer species and drive advancements in macromolecular engineering, making NLSPs a promising direction for generating highly functional and complex structures with diverse applications. This article reviews recent advances in NLSPs, including star, brush, hyperbranched, dendritic, cross-linked, and cyclic topological supramolecular polymers, from three key perspectives: controlled synthesis, tunable self-assembly, and functional applications. Firstly, the direct and indirect synthesis strategies used to construct various NLSPs are discussed. Subsequently, the regulation methods of supramolecular self-assembly based on NLSPs are rationalized by considering internal structure parameters and external environmental responses. Finally, comprehensive summaries of the potential applications of NLSPs in biomedical materials, photoelectric materials, self-healing materials, degradable and recycling materials, as well as catalytic materials, are provided. These applications highlight the versatility and promise of NLSPs across various industries. This article addresses key scientific problems and existing challenges in this field. With the rapidly growing area of NLSPs, it is anticipated that they will shape the future of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science, and hold great promise for research fields such as chemical engineering, biomedicine, and the environment.

中文翻译：

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非线性超分子聚合物：从受控合成、可调自组装到多样化应用


非线性超分子聚合物 （NLSP） 具有可逆性和可调性的优点，以及独特的拓扑结构。这些特性有助于创造新的超分子聚合物物种并推动大分子工程的进步，使 NLSP 成为生成具有多种应用的高功能和复杂结构的有前途的方向。本文从三个关键角度回顾了 NLSP 的最新进展，包括星形、刷状、超支化、树突状、交联和环状拓扑超分子聚合物，从三个关键角度：受控合成、可调自组装和功能应用。首先，讨论了用于构建各种 NLSPs 的直接和间接合成策略;随后，通过考虑内部结构参数和外部环境响应，合理化了基于 NLSPs 的超分子自组装的调控方法。最后，全面总结了 NLSPs 在生物医用材料、光电材料、自修复材料、可降解和回收材料以及催化材料中的潜在应用。这些应用程序凸显了 NLSP 在各个行业的多功能性和前景。本文讨论了该领域的关键科学问题和现有挑战。随着 NLSP 领域的快速增长，预计它们将塑造超分子化学和高分子科学的未来，并为化学工程、生物医学和环境等研究领域带来巨大前景。