Photoacoustic (PA) imaging, merging high spatial resolution and deep tissue penetration, holds promise for biomedical applications, particularly cancer diagnosis. The effectiveness of PA imaging heavily relies on the use of contrast agents that enhance the PA signal. However, the efficient preparation of targeted PA contrast agents remains a challenge. Here, we report the development of microfluidic-enabled aptamer-modified liposomal probes for targeted transient triplet differential (TTD) PA imaging. Utilizing projection micro stereolithography (PµSL) 3D printing, we fabricated cost-effective microfluidic chips for the rapid synthesis of methylene blue (MB)-loaded anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (anti-PDL1) aptamer-modified liposomes (Apt-MB-Lip). We conducted the TTD-PA imaging of Apt-MB-Lip to improve imaging sensitivity by reducing background noise. In vivo TTD-PA experiments demonstrated the superior targeting ability and sustained presence of the Apt-MB-Lip in tumors. Our findings underscore the potential of these targeted probes for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

中文翻译：

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用于靶向瞬态三重态差分光声成像的微流控适体修饰脂质体探针


光声 (PA) 成像融合了高空间分辨率和深层组织穿透力，为生物医学应用（尤其是癌症诊断）带来了希望。 PA 成像的有效性在很大程度上依赖于增强 PA 信号的造影剂的使用。然而，有效制备靶向 PA 造影剂仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报告了用于靶向瞬态三重态差分（TTD）PA成像的微流控适体修饰脂质体探针的开发。利用投影微立体光刻 (PμSL) 3D 打印，我们制造了经济高效的微流控芯片，用于快速合成负载亚甲基蓝 (MB) 的抗程序性细胞死亡配体 1 (抗 PDL1) 适配体修饰的脂质体 (Apt-MB) -唇）。我们对 Apt-MB-Lip 进行了 TTD-PA 成像，通过降低背景噪声来提高成像灵敏度。体内 TTD-PA 实验证明了 Apt-MB-Lip 在肿瘤中的卓越靶向能力和持续存在。我们的研究结果强调了这些靶向探针在先进诊断和治疗应用中的潜力。