The detection of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) is crucial for the rapid diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis and health management. However, daily monitoring of dynamically changing β-HB concentrations is challenging and still limited to laboratory settings or painful and invasive measurements. Herein, we report a wearable electrochemical sensor integrated with iontophoresis for non-invasive monitoring of sweat β-HB. This device can actively stimulate the skin to induce sweat by iontophoresis, and the sweat is controllably collected and transported to the sensing area through the microfluidic channel. The sweat β-HB was measured through an electrochemical oxidation reaction mediated by the generated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which can achieve fast response analysis of sweat β-HB within 40 sec and a low detection limit of 10 μM. We also used this sensor to monitor the sweat β-HB levels in a volunteer experiencing the ketogenic diet and the sweat and blood β-HB levels exhibited high correlation. We believe this wearable sensor capable of on-demand and noninvasive detection of sweat β-HB shows a wide application prospect in clinical medicine and home healthcare.

中文翻译：

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集成离子电渗疗法的可穿戴微流体电化学传感器，用于无创汗酮监测


β-羟基丁酸（β-HB）的检测对于糖尿病酮症酸中毒的快速诊断和健康管理至关重要。然而，每日监测动态变化的 β-HB 浓度具有挑战性，并且仍然仅限于实验室环境或痛苦的侵入性测量。在此，我们报告了一种与离子电渗疗法集成的可穿戴电化学传感器，用于无创监测汗液 β-HB。该装置可以通过离子电渗疗法主动刺激皮肤诱发出汗，汗液通过微流体通道可控地收集并输送到传感区域。通过生成的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸介导的电化学氧化反应来测量汗液β-HB，可实现40秒内对汗液β-HB的快速响应分析和10μM的低检测限。我们还使用该传感器监测一名经历生酮饮食的志愿者的汗液 β-HB 水平，汗液和血液 β-HB 水平表现出高度相关性。我们相信这种能够按需、无创检测汗液β-HB的可穿戴传感器在临床医学和家庭医疗保健中显示出广泛的应用前景。