This study aims to fill the gap in estimating the Green Country Brand Strength Index and its convergence among EU countries and Ukraine (as a potential EU candidate) from 2006 to 2020. Drawing upon data from the World Data Bank, Eurostat, and The Food and Agriculture Organization, the study employs various analytical tools including principal component analysis, the global Malmquist‒Luenberger productivity index, the entropy method, and σ- and β-convergence theories. The findings suggest a notable increase in the green brand values of the analyzed countries from 2006 to 2020, with a significant expansion of the measurement scale. Notably, France, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands, and Sweden emerged as leaders in the Green Country Brand Strength Index by 2020. Furthermore, the study uncovers convergent policies among EU countries aimed at fostering green brands aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, as evidenced by a decline in σ- and β-convergences. This research provides valuable insights into the dynamics of green branding and policy convergence within the EU and prospective candidate countries. It introduces a distinctive approach to assessing and analyzing green brand strength, emphasizing its critical importance to the formulation of sustainable development policies and strategies.

中文翻译：

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可持续发展目标背景下的各国绿色品牌


本研究旨在填补 2006 年至 2020 年欧盟国家和乌克兰（作为潜在欧盟候选国）绿色国家品牌强度指数及其趋同性估计方面的空白。借鉴了世界数据库、欧盟统计局和英国食品和药物管理局的数据。农业组织的研究采用了多种分析工具，包括主成分分析、全球 Malmquist-Luenberger 生产力指数、熵法以及 σ 和 β 收敛理论。研究结果表明，从 2006 年到 2020 年，分析国家的绿色品牌价值显着增加，衡量范围也显着扩大。值得注意的是，到 2020 年，法国、德国、西班牙、荷兰和瑞典已成为绿色国家品牌强度指数的领先者。此外，该研究发现欧盟国家之间旨在培育符合可持续发展目标的绿色品牌的趋同政策，有证据表明σ- 和 β- 收敛性下降。这项研究为欧盟和潜在候选国的绿色品牌动态和政策趋同提供了宝贵的见解。它引入了一种独特的方法来评估和分析绿色品牌实力，强调其对制定可持续发展政策和战略的至关重要性。