The optimal destination decision made by a group is the one that perfectly balances group utility maximization with individual satisfaction. The power structure of the group and personal interactions underpinning group decision-making will directly determine individuals’ evaluations of and emotions generated by these decisions. However, research has not sufficiently revealed this pattern, which limits our understanding of how optimal group decisions can be made. By integrating the power perspective with the theory of interactive ritual chains, this study applies the experiential focus group observation method to track the decision-making process. The analysis produces six models of that process, which show how different power structures and leadership influence the joint focus of attention, shared mood and behavioral co-presence in reaching a decision. In summary, leader democracy and effective equality can create a rewarding situation, influencer dominance creates a paradoxical situation, while, multiple leadership, ineffective equality and leader dominance lead to a ritualistic punishment situation.

中文翻译：

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作为仪式的决策：权力结构如何影响集体旅游目的地决策


群体做出的最佳目的地决策是群体效用最大化与个人满意度完美平衡的决策。支撑群体决策的群体权力结构和个人互动将直接决定个体对这些决策的评价和产生的情绪。然而，研究尚未充分揭示这种模式，这限制了我们对如何做出最佳群体决策的理解。本研究将权力视角与互动仪式链理论相结合，运用体验式焦点小组观察方法来追踪决策过程。该分析产生了该过程的六个模型，显示了不同的权力结构和领导力如何影响决策过程中的共同关注焦点、共同情绪和行为共存。总而言之，领导者民主和有效的平等可以创造一种有益的局面，影响者的主导地位会创造一种矛盾的局面，而多重领导、无效的平等和领导者的主导地位会导致仪式性的惩罚局面。