Glioblastoma is a strong challenge in the worldwide field of central nervous system malignancies. GBM's inherent heterogeneity, along with the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, supports its resistance to current therapy methods. Immunotherapeutic methods have emerged as potential options in recent years. However, because of the inherent limits of traditional immunotherapeutic techniques innovative approaches are required. Advances in cut‐edge techniques provide a possible route for improving effector cell effectiveness. This review gives insight into the complicated immunosuppressive pathways in GBM, with a particular emphasis on CAR T/NK‐cell treatment as a potential achievement. Recognizing and addressing these concerns might open the way for more effective and focused glioblastoma therapies, providing hope for the future with the aim of improved outcomes for patients. In addition, this review presents valuable insights into the integration of nanotechnology into CAR T/NK cell therapy for enhanced efficiency of these personalized gene therapy products.

中文翻译：

---

胶质母细胞瘤生物工程 CAR T/NK 细胞疗法的进展：克服免疫抑制和基于纳米技术的增强 CAR T/NK 细胞疗法的策略


胶质母细胞瘤是全球中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤领域的一个严峻挑战。 GBM 固有的异质性以及免疫抑制肿瘤微环境的形成支持其对当前治疗方法的抵抗。近年来，免疫治疗方法已成为潜在的选择。然而，由于传统免疫治疗技术的固有局限性，需要创新方法。尖端技术的进步为提高效应细胞有效性提供了可能的途径。这篇综述深入了解了 GBM 中复杂的免疫抑制途径，特别强调 CAR T/NK 细胞治疗作为一项潜在成就。认识并解决这些问题可能会为更有效、更有针对性的胶质母细胞瘤治疗开辟道路，为未来带来希望，从而改善患者的治疗结果。此外，这篇综述还提出了将纳米技术整合到 CAR T/NK 细胞疗法中以提高这些个性化基因治疗产品效率的宝贵见解。