At a global level, the supply of protein sources is insufficient to support the current magnitude of pig production. Moreover, given the exorbitant expense of conventional protein feed options like soybean meal and fish meal, it becomes imperative to promptly explore alternative sources of protein feed for the sustainable advancement of the pig industry. Cottonseed meal, a by-product from the extraction of cottonseed oil, exhibits significant potential as a protein source for pig feed owing to its high protein content, high yield, low cost, well-balanced amino acid composition, and sufficient accessibility. However, cottonseed meal possesses several anti-nutritional factors, especially gossypol, which adversely affect growth and reproductive performance, resulting in the limited utilization of cottonseed meal in pig feed. To maximize the benefits of cottonseed meal and promote its application in pig production, it is imperative to acquire comprehensive knowledge regarding its nutritional value and current utilization. In this review, we initially presented a summary of the nutritional values of cottonseed meal, primary anti-nutritional factors, and effective approaches for improving its utilization as a protein source feed. Subsequently, we comprehensively summarized the latest research progress of cottonseed meal application in pig nutrition over the past decade. The outcome of this review serves as a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the research and application of cottonseed meal in pig nutrition and promotes the reduction of soybean meal utilization in the pig industry.

中文翻译：

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棉籽粕在猪营养中蛋白质来源的研究进展


在全球范围内，蛋白质来源的供应不足以支持目前的生猪生产规模。此外，鉴于豆粕和鱼粉等传统蛋白质饲料选择的成本高昂，必须立即探索蛋白质饲料的替代来源，以实现养猪业的可持续发展。棉籽粕是棉籽油提取的副产品，由于其蛋白质含量高、产量高、成本低、氨基酸组成均衡和足够的可及性，因此作为猪饲料的蛋白质来源具有巨大的潜力。然而，棉籽粕具有多种抗营养因子，尤其是棉酚，它们会对生长和繁殖性能产生不利影响，导致棉籽粕在猪饲料中的利用受到限制。为了最大限度地发挥棉籽粕的益处并促进其在生猪生产中的应用，必须全面了解其营养价值和当前利用率。在这篇综述中，我们初步总结了棉籽粕的营养价值、主要的抗营养因子以及提高其作为蛋白质源饲料利用率的有效方法。随后，我们全面总结了近十年棉籽粕在猪营养中应用的最新研究进展。本文综述的结果为棉籽粕在猪营养中的研究和应用提供了理论基础和实践指导，促进了养猪行业豆粕利用率的降低。