The fossil fuel driven chemical production leads to significant greenhouse emission, and the low-carbon emission technologies are necessary for carbon neutrality. The integration of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) and H-O combustion can replace the fossil fuel and supply high-temperature heat for reactions. However, the energy demand keeps consistent but the renewable energy fluctuates with time. Therefore, energy storage is important for such a change. Clean fuel replacement and electrification are applied in a case study of ethylene plant, which requires 147 MW of clean fuel and 91.36 MW of grid power. Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy drives SOEC and liquefied H, compressed H, compressed air energy storage (CAES) are compared. A mixed integer nonlinear programming model is proposed to evaluate decarbonization effect and cost, which are balanced by multi-objective optimization. The results show that the liquefied H is superior to other choices because of the high efficiency. The hydrogen of 126.27 MW is the optimal point, which requires 415 MW SOEC and PV panels. Also, this study proposes that the power grid should communicate with energy consumers such as chemical plants to ensure the energy storage method, or supply renewable energy directly, which avoids energy loss and unreasonable energy transition.

中文翻译：

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化工生产脱碳储能对比：光伏与固体氧化物电解电池的应用


化石燃料驱动的化学生产导致大量温室气体排放，低碳排放技术是碳中和所必需的。固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）和H2O燃烧的集成可以替代化石燃料并为反应提供高温热量。然而，能源需求保持不变，但可再生能源随时间波动。因此，能量存储对于这种变化非常重要。以乙烯装置为例，应用清洁燃料替代和电气化，该装置需要147兆瓦的清洁燃料和91.36兆瓦的电网电力。光伏（PV）太阳能驱动SOEC与液化氢、压缩氢、压缩空气储能（CAES）进行了比较。提出混合整数非线性规划模型来评估脱碳效果和成本，并通过多目标优化进行平衡。结果表明，液化氢气由于效率高而优于其他选择。 126.27 MW的氢气是最佳点，需要415 MW SOEC和光伏电池板。此外，本研究提出电网应与化工厂等能源消费者进行沟通，以确保储能方式，或直接供应可再生能源，从而避免能源损失和不合理的能源转换。