After marine oil spills, natural processes like photooxidation and biodegradation can remove the oil from the environment. However, these processes are strongly influenced by environmental conditions. To achieve a greater understanding of how seasonal variations in temperature, light exposure and the bacterial community affect oil depletion in the marine environment, we performed two field experiments during the spring and autumn. Field systems equipped with a thin oil film of Statfjord, Grane or ULSFO were deployed in northern Norway. Depletion of the total extractable matter was faster during the spring than during the autumn. Statfjord showed faster depletion of n-alkanes during spring, while depletion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons varied between the seasons based on the degree of alkyl-substitutions. ULSFO displayed the overall slowest depletion. Biodegradation of the oils was associated with high abundances of unassigned bacteria during the spring but was governed by Alcanivorax, Cycloclasticus, Oleibacter and Oleispira during the autumn.

中文翻译：

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对挪威北部两个不同季节原油和燃油消耗的海水实地研究——化学和细菌群落


海洋石油泄漏后，光氧化和生物降解等自然过程可以将石油从环境中清除。然而，这些过程受到环境条件的强烈影响。为了更好地了解温度、光照和细菌群落的季节性变化如何影响海洋环境中的石油消耗，我们在春季和秋季进行了两次现场实验。挪威北部部署了配备 Statfjord、Grane 或 ULSFO 薄油膜的现场系统。春季可萃取物总量的消耗速度比秋季更快。 Statfjord 在春季表现出正构烷烃的消耗更快，而多环芳烃的消耗根据烷基取代程度在不同季节有所不同。 ULSFO 显示出总体上最慢的消耗。春季，油的生物降解与大量未分配的细菌有关，但在秋季，则受到 Alcanivorax、Cycloclasticus、Oleibacter 和 Oleispira 的控制。