To determine if fluoride’s established negative impact on adult kidney health begins during gestation, an intergenerational model of Wistar rats was exposed to two doses of fluoride (2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day via gavage) 20 days before mating and during gestation (20 days). The results revealed that fluoride was distributed to the amniotic fluid and fetus, resulting in lower weight, more pronounced fetal restriction, and decreased creatinine, osmolarity, and amniotic fluid volume. At the kidney level, less development in the nephrogenic and cortical zones was observed in the fluoride treatment groups, with an imbalance in the number of glomeruli and "S" shaped bodies, an increase in the immunoexpression of the marker of proliferation Ki-67 in the nephrogenic zone, an increase in the expression of Wnt4 and more maturation of the renal tubules, indicating that fluoride exposure during pregnancy alters kidney development and promotes early maturation of tubular segments.

中文翻译：

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妊娠期间接触氟化物引起胎儿肾脏形态学变化


为了确定氟化物对成年肾脏健康的负面影响是否在妊娠期间开始，Wistar 大鼠的代际模型在交配前 20 天和妊娠期间（20 天）暴露于两剂氟化物（2.5 或 5.0 毫克/公斤/天，通过灌胃法） ）。结果显示，氟化物分布到羊水和胎儿中，导致体重减轻，胎儿限制更明显，并降低肌酐、渗透压和羊水量。在肾脏水平上，氟化物治疗组中观察到肾源性和皮质区发育较少，肾小球和“S”形体数量不平衡，增殖标记物 Ki-67 的免疫表达增加。在肾源区，Wnt4 表达增加，肾小管更加成熟，表明怀孕期间接触氟化物会改变肾脏发育并促进肾小管段的早期成熟。