Rose (Rosa rugosa) petals are rich in diverse secondary metabolites, which have important physiological functions as well as great economic values. Currently, it remains unclear how saline and/or alkaline stress(es) influence the accumulation of secondary metabolites in rose. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome and metabolite profiles of rose petals under aline-alkali stress and uncovered the induction mechanism underlying major metabolites. Dramatic changes were observed in the expression of 1363 genes and the abundances of 196 metabolites in petals in response to saline-alkali stress. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) are mainly associated with flavonoid and terpenoid metabolism and the reconstruction of cell walls. Of them, TERPENE SYNTHASE 31 (TPS31) overexpression in tobacco leaves driven by its own promoter resulted in significant alterations in the levels of various terpenoids, which were differentially influenced by saline-alkali stress. An integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data revealed a high correlation between the abundances of flavonoids/terpenoids and the expression of the transcription factor MYB5. MYB5 may orchestrate the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids and proanthocyanidins through direct regulation of TPS31 and ANR expression under aline-alkali stress. Our finding facilitates improving the bioactive substance accumulation of rose petals by metabolic engineering.

中文翻译：

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盐碱胁迫通过MYB5-ANR/TPS31级联影响玫瑰花瓣中原花青素和倍半萜类化合物的积累


玫瑰（Rosa rugosa）花瓣富含多种次生代谢产物，具有重要的生理功能和巨大的经济价值。目前，尚不清楚盐和/或碱胁迫如何影响玫瑰次生代谢物的积累。在这项研究中，我们分析了碱胁迫下玫瑰花瓣的转录组和代谢物谱，并揭示了主要代谢物的诱导机制。在盐碱胁迫下，花瓣中 1363 个基因的表达和 196 个代谢物的丰度发生了显着变化。这些差异表达基因（DEG）和差异积累代谢物（DAM）主要与类黄酮和萜类化合物的代谢以及细胞壁的重建有关。其中，萜烯合酶31（TPS31）在其自身启动子驱动下在烟叶中过表达，导致各种萜类化合物水平发生显着变化，并受到盐碱胁迫的不同影响。代谢组学和转录组学数据的综合分析揭示了类黄酮/萜类化合物的丰度与转录因子 MYB5 的表达之间存在高度相关性。 MYB5可能通过在碱性胁迫下直接调节TPS31和ANR表达来协调倍半萜类化合物和原花青素的生物合成。我们的发现有助于通过代谢工程改善玫瑰花瓣的生物活性物质积累。