Objective To compare the effects of aerobic training combined with muscle strength training (hereafter referred to as combined training) to aerobic training alone on cardiovascular disease risk indicators in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, trial registries and grey literature sources were searched in February 2024. Eligibility criteria Randomised clinical trials comparing the effects of ≥4 weeks of combined training and aerobic training alone on at least one of the following outcomes: cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), anthropometric and haemodynamic measures and cardiometabolic blood biomarkers in patients with CAD. Results Of 13 246 studies screened, 23 were included (N=916). Combined training was more effective in increasing CRF (standard mean difference (SMD) 0.26, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.49, p=0.03) and lean body mass (mean difference (MD) 0.78 kg, 95% CI 0.39 kg to 1.17 kg, p<0.001), and reducing per cent body fat (MD −2.2%, 95% CI −3.5% to −0.9%, p=0.001) compared with aerobic training alone. There were no differences in the cardiometabolic biomarkers between the groups. Our subgroup analyses showed that combined training increases CRF more than aerobic training alone when muscle strength training was added to aerobic training without compromising aerobic training volume (SMD 0.36, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.68, p=0.02). Conclusion Combined training had greater effects on CRF and body composition than aerobic training alone in patients with CAD. To promote an increase in CRF in patients with CAD, muscle strength training should be added to aerobic training without reducing aerobic exercise volume. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

中文翻译：

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肌肉力量训练联合有氧训练与单独有氧训练对冠状动脉疾病患者心血管疾病风险指标的影响：随机临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析


目的 比较有氧训练联合肌肉力量训练（以下简称联合训练）与单独有氧训练对冠状动脉疾病 （CAD） 患者心血管疾病危险指标的影响。设计 系统评价与荟萃分析。2024 年 2 月检索了数据来源 MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus、Scopus、试验注册库和灰色文献来源。资格标准 比较 ≥ 4 周联合训练和单独有氧训练对以下至少一项结局的影响的随机临床试验：CAD 患者的心肺健康 （CRF）、人体测量和血液动力学测量以及心脏代谢血液生物标志物。结果 在筛选的 13 246 项研究中，纳入 23 项 （N=916）。与单独的有氧训练相比，联合训练在增加 CRF（标准均数差 （SMD） 0.26,95% CI 0.02 至 0.49，p=0.03）和瘦体重（平均差 （MD） 0.78 kg，95% CI 0.39 kg 至 1.17 kg，p<0.001）和降低体脂百分比（MD -2.2%，95% CI -3.5% 至 -0.9%，p=0.001）方面更有效。两组之间的心脏代谢生物标志物没有差异。我们的亚组分析显示，当在有氧训练中加入肌肉力量训练而不影响有氧训练量时，联合训练比单独有氧训练更能增加 CRF （SMD 0.36,95% CI 0.05 至 0.68，p=0.02）。结论 联合训练对 CAD 患者 CRF 和体成分的影响大于单独有氧训练。为了促进 CAD 患者 CRF 的增加，应在有氧训练中加入肌肉力量训练，而不会减少有氧运动量。 与研究相关的所有数据都包含在文章中或作为补充信息上传。