Every day, nurses work as team members in wide-ranging settings to achieve diverse outcomes. Some teams are intradisciplinary (e.g., nursing only), others are multidisciplinary (i.e., various professions). Collaboration involves demonstrating mutual respect and trust, acknowledging the diverse but interconnected work of each of the professional groups, and focusing on shared goals (Sangaleti et al. 2017). For teams to function cohesively, clear leadership and team member responsibilities are needed, together with well-defined disciplinary roles and other factors such as effective communication and feedback mechanisms (Wang et al. 2024).

Achieving cohesiveness, however, can be challenging. Such challenges could explain the large body of academic literature discussing the how, when, where and why of teams and teamwork or groups and group dynamics. Topics include the various functions of team members, such as the role of leaders or facilitators, encouragers or motivators, harmonisers or conflict mediators, evaluators or critics and so on. The phenomenon of the social loafer in groups has also been examined. More colloquially, team members are sometimes called ‘givers’, ‘takers’ and ‘lurkers’. This editorial discusses team or group dynamics, focusing on the benefits and challenges of managing the giving, taking and lurking factors at work in some groups. Tips on optimising group cohesion are also provided.

每天，护士作为团队成员在广泛的环境中工作，以取得不同的成果。有些团队是跨学科的（例如，仅护理），其他团队是跨学科的（即，不同的专业）。合作包括表现出相互尊重和信任，承认每个专业团体多样化但相互关联的工作，并专注于共同目标（Sangaleti et al. 2017 ）。为了让团队有凝聚力，需要明确的领导和团队成员的职责，以及明确的纪律角色和其他因素，例如有效的沟通和反馈机制（Wang et al. 2024 ）。

然而，实现凝聚力可能具有挑战性。这些挑战可以解释大量学术文献讨论团队和团队合作或群体和群体动态的方式、时间、地点和原因。主题包括团队成员的各种职能，例如领导者或促进者、鼓励者或激励者、协调者或冲突调解者、评估者或批评者等角色。群体中的社交游手好闲现象也得到了研究。更通俗地说，团队成员有时被称为“给予者”、“接受者”和“潜伏者”。这篇社论讨论了团队或团体的动态，重点关注在某些团体中管理工作中的给予、索取和潜伏因素的好处和挑战。还提供了优化团队凝聚力的技巧。