Advanced oxidation processes represent effective approaches toward water purification, but they are often energy and chemical intensive. Here, we show a solar cell with a highly reactive microinterface for high-flux wastewater treatment with requirements for only water, oxygen, and sunlight. Experiments demonstrate that hydrogen peroxide is produced in a porous cathode via two-electron oxygen reduction and then flows to a porous photoanode surface, where it is instantly activated to hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) by light and integrated with indigenous ⋅OH generated via one-electron water oxidation. Accordingly, a microscale region (∼150 μm for thickness) with high-density ⋅OH (∼2.5 mM) is successfully constructed but remains spatially constrained on the photoanode surface. Refractory pollutants (such as norfloxacin) pass through this microinterface successively and are degraded rapidly (>99% in ∼0.6-s retention time) due to violent collision between ⋅OH and targets, even after 360 h of long-term operation. Our findings highlight an innovative catalytic platform design scheme for efficient water purification.

中文翻译：

---

具有超反应受限微界面的太阳能电池，用于高通量水净化


高级氧化工艺代表了水净化的有效方法，但它们通常是能源和化学品密集型的。在这里，我们展示了一种具有高反应性微界面的太阳能电池，用于仅需要水、氧气和阳光的高通量废水处理。实验表明，过氧化氢是通过双电子氧还原在多孔阴极中产生的，然后流到多孔光电阳极表面，在那里它被光立即激活为羟基自由基 (·OH)，并与通过一电子产生的固有·OH 结合。电子水氧化。因此，成功构建了具有高密度·OH（~2.5 mM）的微尺度区域（厚度~150 μm），但在光电阳极表面上仍然受到空间限制。难降解污染物（如诺氟沙星）连续通过该微界面，由于·OH与目标之间的剧烈碰撞，即使在长期运行360小时后，也会迅速降解（约0.6秒保留时间内>99%）。我们的研究结果突出了用于高效水净化的创新催化平台设计方案。