The Jinchang deposit, Ailaoshan Belt, is a hydrothermal gold-nickel deposit in which nickel mineralization formed during Triassic accretionary orogeny and gold mineralization during Miocene collisional orogeny. Although the nickel and gold orebodies largely overlap in an ophiolite melange at the contacts between ultramafic and metasedimentary sequences, nickel and gold concentrations have only a weak correlation in orebodies intersected in drill cores. The hydrothermal nickel sulfide ores are mainly concentrated at ultramafic-metasedimentary rock contacts. Broad alteration zones surround the contacts, with proximal quartz + clinochlore + magnesite in both rocks through quartz + fuchsite to distal muscovite + quartz assemblages in metasedimentary rocks. An apatite U–Pb age of 235.8 ± 1.8 Ma and a pyrite Re-Os age of 254 ± 21 Ma from the nickel mineralization indicate that it formed before the closure of the Ailaoshan Ocean. The As- and S-rich fluids during oceanic subduction leached Ni from the ultramafic rocks in the ophiolite melange forming the hydrothermal nickel sulfide ores. Orogenic gold mineralization comprises auriferous veins that host gold, Au- and Ag-rich sulfosalt. The veins cut the sulfides associated with nickel mineralization. The auriferous fluids reacted with nickel ore-stage pyrite forming porous or sieve-textures and patchy zoning in BSE images with native gold in pores. Geological and paleomagnetic evidence indicates that Miocene gold mineralization occurred in highly deformed Devonian metasedimentary rocks after the Oligocene–Miocene Ailaoshan sinistral shearing (~ 30 to 20 Ma). The auriferous fluids are most likely sourced from the metasomatized mantle lithosphere if Jinchang has a similar source to other orogenic gold deposits in the Ailaoshan Belt.

哀牢山金场矿床是一个热液金镍矿床，其中镍矿化形成于三叠纪增生造山运动，金矿化形成于中新世碰撞造山运动。尽管镍矿体和金矿体在超镁铁质层序和变沉积岩层序接触处的蛇绿岩混杂岩中大部分重叠，但在钻岩心相交的矿体中，镍和金的浓度只有微弱的相关性。热液硫化镍矿主要集中在超镁铁质-变沉积岩接触面。接触面周围有广泛的蚀变带，从两块岩石中的近端石英 + 斜绿石 + 菱镁矿到变沉积岩中的石英 + 褐铁矿到远端白云母 + 石英组合。镍矿化体的磷灰石U-Pb年龄为235.8±1.8Ma，黄铁矿Re-Os年龄为254±21Ma，表明其形成于哀牢山洋闭合之前。大洋俯冲过程中富含砷和硫的流体从蛇绿岩混杂岩中的超镁铁岩中浸出镍，形成热液硫化镍矿石。造山带金矿化由富含金、金和银的磺盐的含金矿脉组成。这些矿脉切割了与镍矿化有关的硫化物。含金流体与镍矿石阶段的黄铁矿发生反应，形成多孔或筛状纹理，并在 BSE 图像中形成斑片状分区，孔隙中含有天然金。地质和古地磁证据表明，在渐新世-中新世哀牢山左旋剪切（约30至20 Ma）之后，中新世金矿化发生在高度变形的泥盆纪变沉积岩中。 如果金昌与哀牢山带其他造山金矿具有相似的来源，那么含金流体很可能来源于交代地幔岩石圈。