BackgroundStudies of childhood diet diversity and allergic disease have not examined additional associations with an offspring allergy‐linked maternal diet index during pregnancy. We studied both associations in a pre‐birth cohort.MethodsOffspring allergic disease diagnoses were obtained from electronic medical records. Maternal and infant diet were self‐reported. Adjusted parametric Weibull time‐to‐event models assessed associations between maternal diet index, infant diet diversity and time to development of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, wheeze, IgE‐mediated food allergy, and a combined outcome of any allergic disease except for wheeze.ResultsInfant diet diversity at 1 year was associated with the risk of the combined outcome between 1 and 4 years of age (p = .002). While both maternal diet index and infant diet diversity at 1 year were associated with the risk of the combined outcome between 1 and 4 years of age (both p < .05), infant diet diversity at 1 year did not modify the association between maternal diet index and the risk of the combined outcome between 1 and 4 years of age (p = .5). The group with the lowest risk of the combined allergy outcome had higher maternal diet index and higher infant diet diversity.ConclusionsThe novel finding that both maternal diet index during pregnancy and infant diet diversity at 12 months are associated with the risk of a combined allergic disease outcome points to two targets for preventive interventions: maternal diet index scores during pregnancy and offspring diet diversity during infancy.

中文翻译：

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母体防过敏饮食指数、子代婴儿饮食多样性和儿童过敏性疾病


背景 儿童饮食多样性和过敏性疾病的研究尚未检查怀孕期间与后代过敏相关的母体饮食指数的其他关联。我们在出生前队列中研究了这两种关联。方法从电子病历中获得后代过敏性疾病的诊断。母婴饮食是自我报告的。调整后的参数 Weibull 事件时间模型评估了母体饮食指数、婴儿饮食多样性与过敏性鼻炎、特应性皮炎、哮喘、喘息、IgE 介导的食物过敏以及除喘息外的任何过敏性疾病的综合结果之间的关联。结果婴儿 1 岁时的饮食多样性与 1 至 4 岁之间综合结局的风险相关 （p = .002）。虽然 1 岁时的母体饮食指数和婴儿饮食多样性都与 1 至 4 岁之间发生综合结局的风险相关 （均 p < .05），但 1 岁时的婴儿饮食多样性并未改变母体饮食指数与 1 至 4 岁之间综合结局风险之间的关联 （p = .5）。混合过敏结局风险最低的组具有较高的母体饮食指数和较高的婴儿饮食多样性。结论妊娠期母体饮食指数和 12 个月婴儿饮食多样性与联合过敏性疾病结局风险相关的新发现指出了预防性干预的两个目标：妊娠期母体饮食指数评分和婴儿期后代饮食多样性。