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Role of Dynamical Asymmetry on the Orientation of Block Copolymers in Shear Flow: Computer Simulation and Experiment
Macromolecules ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00943 Niklas Blagojevic 1 , Matthias Heck 2 , Manfred Wilhelm 2 , Marcus Müller 1
Macromolecules ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00943 Niklas Blagojevic 1 , Matthias Heck 2 , Manfred Wilhelm 2 , Marcus Müller 1
Affiliation
The ability of diblock copolymers to self-assemble into periodic microstructures with length scales in the nanometer range offers many opportunities for fundamental research and applications. For practical applications, it is often desirable that the microstructures have a high degree of order on macroscopic length scales and are oriented in a desired direction. This can be achieved in a large volume by shearing the copolymer melt. In experiments, different orientations are observed depending on the copolymer characteristics and the applied shear conditions. However, details of the orientation mechanism under shear are not completely understood. Studying structurally and thermodynamically symmetric, lamellae-forming diblock copolymers by molecular simulation using a highly coarse-grained model, we analyze the effect of dynamical asymmetry on the stable orientation in steady-shear flow. We control the dynamical asymmetry via (i) the segmental friction in our dissipative particle dynamics DPD simulation or via (ii) slip springs, which mimic physical entanglements of the polymers. We study the kinetics of structure formation after a quench from the disordered state in the presence of shear and the ordering of a system, initially comprised of two orthogonally oriented lamellar grains, under shear. In both simulation settings and for both mechanisms of dynamical asymmetry, the perpendicular orientation, where the lamellae normals are perpendicular to the shear gradient, is preferred for approximately equal dynamics of the two blocks, whereas the parallel orientation becomes stable when the ratio of the relaxation times of the blocks exceeds an order of magnitude. We rationalize this finding by the minimum of the Rayleighian, i.e., the energy dissipation rate of the nonequilibrium steady state. We compare these simulation results to experimental diblock copolymer model systems, polystyrene-b-poly-2-vinylpyridine, with slightly different glass transition temperatures of the two polymer blocks. Adjustment of the polymer block mobility by different temperatures for alignment experiments confirms the trend toward a parallel orientation with increasing dynamical asymmetry of the polymer blocks, when the rigid lamellae slide past the opposing brushes of the more mobile polymer block.
中文翻译:
动态不对称性对嵌段共聚物剪切流取向的作用:计算机模拟和实验
二嵌段共聚物具有自组装成纳米范围长度的周期性微观结构的能力,为基础研究和应用提供了许多机会。对于实际应用,通常希望微观结构在宏观长度尺度上具有高度有序性并且沿所需方向取向。这可以通过剪切共聚物熔体来大体积地实现。在实验中,根据共聚物特性和施加的剪切条件观察到不同的取向。然而,剪切下定向机制的细节尚不完全清楚。通过使用高度粗粒模型的分子模拟研究结构和热力学对称的片层形成二嵌段共聚物,我们分析了动态不对称性对稳态剪切流中稳定取向的影响。我们通过 (i) 耗散粒子动力学 DPD 模拟中的分段摩擦或通过 (ii) 滑移弹簧(模拟聚合物的物理缠结)来控制动力学不对称性。我们研究了在存在剪切的情况下从无序状态淬火后结构形成的动力学以及系统的有序性,该系统最初由两个正交取向的层状晶粒组成,在剪切下。在这两种模拟设置和两种动态不对称机制中,对于两个块的近似相等的动力学,优选垂直方向(其中片层法线垂直于剪切梯度),而当松弛比率达到时,平行方向变得稳定区块的次数超过了一个数量级。我们通过瑞利矩阵的最小值来合理化这一发现,即,非平衡稳态的能量耗散率。我们将这些模拟结果与实验二嵌段共聚物模型系统聚苯乙烯-b-聚-2-乙烯基吡啶进行比较,两种聚合物嵌段的玻璃化转变温度略有不同。通过不同温度调整聚合物嵌段的流动性进行排列实验,证实了当刚性片层滑过更具流动性的聚合物嵌段的相对刷时,随着聚合物嵌段的动态不对称性的增加,平行取向的趋势。
更新日期:2024-08-28
中文翻译:
动态不对称性对嵌段共聚物剪切流取向的作用:计算机模拟和实验
二嵌段共聚物具有自组装成纳米范围长度的周期性微观结构的能力,为基础研究和应用提供了许多机会。对于实际应用,通常希望微观结构在宏观长度尺度上具有高度有序性并且沿所需方向取向。这可以通过剪切共聚物熔体来大体积地实现。在实验中,根据共聚物特性和施加的剪切条件观察到不同的取向。然而,剪切下定向机制的细节尚不完全清楚。通过使用高度粗粒模型的分子模拟研究结构和热力学对称的片层形成二嵌段共聚物,我们分析了动态不对称性对稳态剪切流中稳定取向的影响。我们通过 (i) 耗散粒子动力学 DPD 模拟中的分段摩擦或通过 (ii) 滑移弹簧(模拟聚合物的物理缠结)来控制动力学不对称性。我们研究了在存在剪切的情况下从无序状态淬火后结构形成的动力学以及系统的有序性,该系统最初由两个正交取向的层状晶粒组成,在剪切下。在这两种模拟设置和两种动态不对称机制中,对于两个块的近似相等的动力学,优选垂直方向(其中片层法线垂直于剪切梯度),而当松弛比率达到时,平行方向变得稳定区块的次数超过了一个数量级。我们通过瑞利矩阵的最小值来合理化这一发现,即,非平衡稳态的能量耗散率。我们将这些模拟结果与实验二嵌段共聚物模型系统聚苯乙烯-b-聚-2-乙烯基吡啶进行比较,两种聚合物嵌段的玻璃化转变温度略有不同。通过不同温度调整聚合物嵌段的流动性进行排列实验,证实了当刚性片层滑过更具流动性的聚合物嵌段的相对刷时,随着聚合物嵌段的动态不对称性的增加,平行取向的趋势。