Several observational and experimental studies in humans have suggested that high protein intake (PI) causes intraglomerular hypertension leading to hyperfiltration. This phenomenon results in progressive loss of renal function with long-term exposure to high-protein diets (HPDs), even in healthy people. The recommended daily allowance for PI is 0.83 g/kg per day, which meets the protein requirement for approximately 98% of the population. A HPD is defined as a protein consumption > 1.5 g/kg per day. Athletes and bodybuilders are encouraged to follow HPDs to optimize muscle protein balance, increase lean body mass, and enhance performance. A series of studies in resistance-trained athletes looking at HPD has been published concluding that there are no harmful effects of HPD on renal health. However, the aim of these studies was to evaluate body composition changes and they were not designed to assess safety or kidney outcomes. Here we review the effects of HPD on kidney health in athletes and healthy individuals with normal kidney function.

几项人类观察和实验研究表明，高蛋白质摄入量 （PI） 会导致肾小球内高血压，从而导致高滤过。这种现象导致长期接触高蛋白饮食 （HPD） 会导致肾功能进行性丧失，即使在健康人中也是如此。PI 的推荐每日摄入量为每天 0.83 g/kg，可满足约 98% 人群的蛋白质需求。HPD 定义为蛋白质消耗 > 每天 1.5 g/kg。鼓励运动员和健美运动员遵循 HPD 以优化肌肉蛋白质平衡、增加瘦体重并提高表现。已经发表了一系列针对受阻力训练的运动员研究 HPD 的研究，得出的结论是 HPD 对肾脏健康没有有害影响。然而，这些研究的目的是评估身体成分的变化，而不是为了评估安全性或肾脏结局。在这里，我们回顾了 HPD 对运动员和肾功能正常的健康个体肾脏健康的影响。