Chemical pollution is a threat to coral reefs. To preserve them, it is crucial to monitor novel contaminants and assess the related risks. The occurrence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in coral reefs has been poorly investigated until now. Under this light, we tested the use of the marine sponge Cf. Hyrtios as bio-monitors and conducted a pilot study in the Faafu Atoll (Maldives). Analyses were carried out by in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid chromatography (LC) electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Twelve APIs were selected for method optimization. Limits of quantitation (LOQs) were in the 0.6 and 2.5 ng/g range, accuracy between 86.5 % and 104.7 %, and precision between 3.0 % and 14.9 %. All the sponges located in the inner reefs resulted contaminated with at least one API. Gabapentin and Carbamazepine displayed the highest detection rates, while Ketoprofen had the highest concentration (up to 15.7 ng/g).

中文翻译：

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应用海洋海绵对珊瑚礁活性药物成分（API）进行生物监测。 SPME 和 ESI-LC-MS/MS 方法的优化


化学污染对珊瑚礁构成威胁。为了保护它们，监测新型污染物并评估相关风险至关重要。迄今为止，对珊瑚礁中活性药物成分 (API) 的存在情况的研究还很少。在此背景下，我们测试了海洋海绵Cf的使用。 Hyrtios 作为生物监测员，在法夫环礁（马尔代夫）进行了一项试点研究。通过体内固相微萃取 (SPME) 和液相色谱 (LC) 电喷雾电离 (ESI) 串联质谱 (MS/MS) 进行分析。选择 12 个 API 进行方法优化。定量限 (LOQ) 在 0.6 至 2.5 ng/g 范围内，准确度在 86.5% 至 104.7% 之间，精密度在 3.0% 至 14.9% 之间。位于内礁的所有海绵都被至少一种 API 污染。加巴喷丁和卡马西平的检出率最高，而酮洛芬的浓度最高（高达 15.7 ng/g）。