Pelvic examination, a routine practice for gynecological care, can cause anxiety and be considered traumatic. This study aimed to define the association between domestic or sexual violence and the experience of pelvic examination, as well as the uptake of gynecological care following domestic or sexual violence. Pubmed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched, up to April 30, 2023. Cohort, cross-sectional, case-control studies and controlled trials assessing perception of pelvic examination or the use of gynecological care for women with a history of violence were selected and analyzed. Each study underwent a descriptive analysis and was assessed for bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the RoB2 tool. Twenty-three articles met the inclusion criteria. Eleven studies, including 7,329 women, investigated the experience of pelvic examination following lifetime or childhood sexual violence. Most reported an association between violence and adverse experiences of pelvic examination, such as discomfort, anxiety, distress, and pain perceptions. Ten studies, including 9,248 women, investigated the uptake of gynecological care following domestic or sexual violence and reported mixed results, such as a decreased or an increased uptake, particularly for acute symptoms. Two studies, including 1,304 women, examined both outcomes. The present study highlights the association between violence and adverse experiences of pelvic examination, as well as mixed results on the uptake of gynecological care. It argues for the necessity to screen for violence in consultations, particularly when considering a pelvic examination, to guarantee the utility of pelvic examinations, and to consider the traumatic impact of sexual violence in care.

中文翻译：

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家庭暴力或性暴力后盆腔检查和接受妇科护理的经验：系统评价。


盆腔检查是妇科护理的常规做法，可能会引起焦虑并被认为是创伤性的。本研究旨在确定家庭暴力或性暴力与盆腔检查经历以及家庭暴力或性暴力后接受妇科护理之间的关联。检索了 Pubmed、Cochrane Library、ScienceDirect 和 Google Scholar，检索时间截至 2023 年 4 月 30 日。选择并分析了评估有暴力史的妇女对盆腔检查或妇科护理使用的看法的队列、横断面、病例对照研究和对照试验。每项研究都经过描述性分析，并使用 Newcastle-Ottawa 量表和 RoB2 工具评估偏倚。23 篇文章符合纳入标准。11 项研究（包括 7,329 名女性）调查了终生或童年性暴力后的盆腔检查经历。大多数患者报告了暴力与盆腔检查的不良经历之间存在关联，例如不适、焦虑、痛苦和疼痛感知。10 项研究（包括 9,248 名女性）调查了家庭暴力或性暴力后妇科护理的接受情况，并报告了混合结果，例如接受率降低或增加，尤其是急性症状。两项研究，包括 1,304 名女性，检查了这两种结局。本研究强调了暴力与盆腔检查不良经历之间的关联，以及妇科护理接受率的混合结果。它认为有必要在咨询中筛查暴力，特别是在考虑盆腔检查时，以保证盆腔检查的实用性，并考虑护理中性暴力的创伤影响。