Drug delivery strategies for local immunomodulation hold tremendous promise compared to current clinical gold-standard systemic immunosuppression as they could improve the benefit to risk ratio of life-saving or life-enhancing transplants. Such strategies have facilitated prolonged graft survival in animal models at lower drug doses while minimizing off-target effects. Despite the promising outcomes in preclinical animal studies, progression of these strategies to clinical trials has faced challenges. A comprehensive understanding of the translational barriers is a critical first step towards clinical validation of effective immunomodulatory drug delivery protocols proven for safety and tolerability in pre-clinical animal models. This review overviews the current state-of-the-art in local immunomodulatory strategies for transplantation and outlines the key challenges hindering their clinical translation.

中文翻译：

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移植中局部免疫调节的药物输送策略：弥合翻译差距


与当前的临床金标准系统性免疫抑制相比，局部免疫调节的药物输送策略具有巨大的前景，因为它们可以提高挽救生命或增强生命的移植的获益与风险比。这些策略有助于在较低药物剂量的动物模型中延长移植物的存活时间，同时最大限度地减少脱靶效应。尽管临床前动物研究取得了有希望的结果，但这些策略向临床试验的进展面临着挑战。对转化障碍的全面了解是临床验证有效的免疫调节药物递送方案的关键的第一步，该方案已在临床前动物模型中证明了安全性和耐受性。这篇综述概述了移植局部免疫调节策略的最新技术，并概述了阻碍其临床转化的关键挑战。