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Structural and functional diversity of microbial communities in ancient mining sites from San Luis Potosí, México
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.5261
Ángeles Martínez‐Toledo 1 , César A. Ilizaliturri‐Hernández 1 , Arturo Torres‐Dosal 2 , Roberto Briones‐Gallardo 3 , Adrián Tintos‐Gómez 4 , Donaji J. González‐Mille 1
Affiliation  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) on soil microbial community functionality and structure. Charcas and Cedral in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, are sites with ancient mining activity. This activity has generated heavy metals (HMs) polluted soils that provoke deleterious effects on microbial community. Sampling was conducted in sites with and without aged mining activity. The parameters analysed were physicochemical properties and PTE concentrations. Functional diversity was evaluated with a community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) analysis, diversity was evaluated using the richness (S), and the indices of Shannon's diversity (H), Simpson's dominance (D) and Pielou's evenness (J) were for the structure evaluation, based on relative substrate utilisation. CLPP results of set of soils indicated the following substrate utilisation pattern: carbohydrates > polymers (POL) > carboxylic/ketonic acids > amino acids (AmA) > amine/amides (A/A). In Cedral, the AmA utilisation favoured the increase of J value. In addition, it was observed that the utilisation of these compounds decreases at a higher concentration of Al and organic matter (OM) but increases at a higher concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Ni, a phenomenon opposite to that was observed in Charcas. The results of set of soil indicated that AmA utilisation increases the values of S, J, D, and H. These results indicate that the microorganisms in soil are resistant to high PTE concentrations, in that condition they need accessible carbon sources as energy and as nutrients, however, they adapted to use complex carbon sources (POL). Furthermore, it presented low OM mineralisation despite high values of H, or J, then some metabolic processes could be compromised. Therefore, an intervention for soil conservation and monitoring is required.

中文翻译:


墨西哥圣路易斯波托西古矿遗址微生物群落的结构和功能多样性



本研究的目的是评估潜在毒性元素 (PTE) 对土壤微生物群落功能和结构的影响。墨西哥圣路易斯波托西 (San Luis Potosí) 的 Charcas 和 Cedral 是古代采矿活动的遗址。这种活动产生了重金属 (HMs) 污染的土壤,对微生物群落造成有害影响。在有和没有老化采矿活动的地点进行采样。分析的参数是理化性质和 PTE 浓度。功能多样性通过社区水平生理分析 (CLPP) 分析进行评估,使用丰富度 (S) 评估多样性,香农多样性 (H) 、辛普森优势度 (D) 和 Pielou 均匀度 (J) 指数用于结构评估,基于相对底物利用率。一组土壤的 CLPP 结果表明以下基质利用模式: 碳水化合物 > 聚合物 (POL) > 羧酸/酮酸 > 氨基酸 (AmA) > 胺/酰胺 (A/A)。在 Cedral 中,AmA 利用率有利于 J 值的增加。此外,据观察,这些化合物的利用率在较高浓度的 Al 和有机物 (OM) 下降低,但在较高浓度的 Cu、Pb、Zn、Fe、Mn 和 Ni 下增加,这种现象与 Charcas 中观察到的现象相反。一组土壤的结果表明,AmA 利用率增加了 SJDH 的值。这些结果表明,土壤中的微生物对高浓度的 PTE 具有抵抗力,在这种情况下,它们需要可获得的碳源作为能量和养分,但是,它们适应了使用复杂碳源 (POL)。 此外,尽管 HJ 值很高,但它的 OM 矿化率较低,因此一些代谢过程可能会受到影响。因此,需要对土壤保护和监测进行干预。
更新日期:2024-08-20
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