Overutilization and misuse of antibiotics in recent decades markedly intensified the rapid proliferation and diffusion of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within the environment, thereby elevating ARGs to the status of a global public health crisis. Recognizing that soil acts as a critical reservoir for ARGs, environmental researchers have made great progress in exploring the sources, distribution, and spread of ARGs in soil. However, the microscopic state and micro-interfacial behavior of ARGs in soil remains inadequately understood. In this study, we reviewed the micro-interfacial behaviors of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in soil and porous media, predominantly including migration-deposition, adsorption, and biofilm formation. Meanwhile, adsorption, proliferation, and degradation were identified as the primary micro-interfacial behaviors of ARGs in the soil, with component of soil serving as significant determinant. Our work contributes to the further comprehension of the microstates and processes of ARB and ARGs in the soil environments and offers a theoretical foundation for managing and mitigating the risks associated with ARG contamination.

中文翻译：

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土壤环境中抗生素抗性细菌和抗生素抗性基因的微界面行为：综述


近几十年来，抗生素的过度使用和滥用明显加剧了抗生素抗性基因（ARG）在环境中的快速增殖和扩散，从而将ARG提升至全球公共卫生危机的地位。认识到土壤是 ARGs 的重要储存库，环境研究人员在探索土壤中 ARGs 的来源、分布和传播方面取得了巨大进展。然而，土壤中 ARG 的微观状态和微界面行为仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们回顾了土壤和多孔介质中抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）的微界面行为，主要包括迁移沉积、吸附和生物膜形成。同时，吸附、增殖和降解被确定为ARGs在土壤中的主要微界面行为，其中土壤成分是重要的决定因素。我们的工作有助于进一步理解土壤环境中 ARB 和 ARG 的微观状态和过程，并为管理和减轻 ARG 污染相关风险提供理论基础。