Central nervous system histoplasmosis is a serious complication of a common endemic mycosis, but it is rare in immunocompetent hosts. SARS-CoV-2 has introduced significant challenges into the healthcare setting with overlapping clinical presentations that may delay the diagnosis of alternative conditions. Additionally, it may lead to immune dysregulation and increase the risk for secondary infections, including invasive fungal diseases. Limited reports have described disseminated histoplasmosis in adults associated with COVID-19, but none have described central nervous system infection or complications in pediatric patients. We report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis involving the central nervous system in a previously healthy 13-year-old male with SARS-CoV-2 infection. An extensive immunological evaluation did not identify an underlying immunodeficiency. We highlight the potential of COVID-19 immune dys-regulation to contribute to the development or progression of invasive fungal disease. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(8):e305-e309.].

中文翻译：

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青少年急性 COVID-19 后的中枢神经系统组织胞浆菌病。


中枢神经系统组织胞浆菌病是常见地方性真菌病的严重并发症，但在免疫功能正常的宿主中很少见。 SARS-CoV-2 给医疗保健环境带来了重大挑战，其临床表现重叠，可能会延迟其他疾病的诊断。此外，它可能导致免疫失调并增加继发感染的风险，包括侵袭性真菌病。有限的报告描述了与 COVID-19 相关的成人播散性组织胞浆菌病，但没有报道描述儿科患者的中枢神经系统感染或并发症。我们报告了一例涉及中枢神经系统的播散性组织胞浆菌病，患者为一名先前健康的 13 岁男性，感染 SARS-CoV-2。广泛的免疫学评估并未发现潜在的免疫缺陷。我们强调了 COVID-19 免疫失调可能导致侵袭性真菌病的发生或进展。 [小儿安。 2024;53(8):e305-e309.]。