Food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) reflects the functional relationship between disordered eating and alcohol use. There are two motivations underlying FAD - to enhance the effects of alcohol and/or to compensate for alcohol-related calories. Yet, most FAD studies have failed to adequately measure the motives underlying these behaviors, leading to inconsistent and imprecise findings. The aim of the current systematic review was to thematically consolidate FAD research findings by motive, identify limitations of the existing literature, and highlight next steps for FAD researchers. Eighty-one publications, presenting data from 38,536 participants, were included in the current review. Prevalence rates for the caloric compensation and alcohol enhancement motives range from 5.6% - 88.7% and 4.7% - 81.7%, respectively. Alcohol use and disordered eating were the primary correlates of FAD for both motives, and alcohol-related consequences were positively associated with both FAD motives cross-sectionally. Major limitations of the literature include inconsistent operationalization and imprecise measurement of FAD. Primary recommendations include adopting the terminology of and operationalization of FAD presented here, ensuring attention to FAD motive in developing and testing research questions, and moving beyond cross-sectional studies. Findings from this review can be used to contribute to more rigorous and unified FAD research.

中文翻译：

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食物和酒精紊乱文献的统一：系统评价


食物和酒精紊乱（FAD）反映了饮食失调和饮酒之间的功能关系。 FAD 背后有两个动机——增强酒精的作用和/或补偿与酒精相关的卡路里。然而，大多数 FAD 研究未能充分衡量这些行为背后的动机，导致结果不一致且不精确。当前系统综述的目的是按动机按主题巩固 FAD 研究结果，确定现有文献的局限性，并强调 FAD 研究人员的下一步行动。当前审查中包含 81 份出版物，提供了 38,536 名参与者的数据。热量补偿和酒精增强动机的患病率分别为 5.6% - 88.7% 和 4.7% - 81.7%。饮酒和饮食失调是这两种动机的 FAD 的主要相关因素，并且酒精相关的后果与这两种 FAD 动机呈正相关。文献的主要局限性包括操作化不一致和 FAD 测量不精确。主要建议包括采用此处介绍的 FAD 术语和操作化，确保在开发和测试研究问题时关注 FAD 动机，并超越横断面研究。本次审查的结果可用于促进更严格和统一的 FAD 研究。