3,4,5‐Trinitro‐1H‐pyrazole (1) has been obtained via nitration of 3,5‐dinitropyrazole with mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids. Compound 1 reacts with excess ammonia and aliphatic amines, in the presence of bases with NH‐azoles, phenols, thiols, and triflouroethanol at mild conditions in water. All these reactions occur as the nucleophilic substitution of the nitro‐group at position 4 in 1 affording 4‐R‐3,5‐dinitropyrazoles. The product of methylation of 1, N‐methyl‐3,4,5‐trinitropyrazole (4), also reacts with thiols, phenols, oximes, ammonia, amines, and NH‐azoles. The reactions proceed with high yields but nucleophilic substitutions in these cases occur regioselectively at position 5 in 4 to afford 5‐R‐3,4‐dinitropyrazoles.

中文翻译：

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3,4,5-1H-三硝基吡唑及其N-甲基衍生物的反应活性的合成与比较

3,4,5-三硝基-1 H-吡唑（1）是通过将3,5-二硝基吡唑与硫酸和硝酸的混合物硝化而获得的。在碱的存在下，化合物1在水中在温和条件下与过量的氨和脂肪胺反应，并与NH-唑，酚，硫醇和三氟乙醇反应。所有这些反应均发生在位置1的4位上的硝基被亲核取代后，得到4-R-3,5-二硝基吡唑。甲基化的产物1，Ñ甲基-3,4,5- trinitropyrazole（4）也与硫醇，酚，肟，氨，胺和NH-唑类反应。反应以高收率进行，但在这些情况下，亲核取代发生在区域4中的5位区域选择性，产生5-R-3,4-二硝基吡唑。